Au对TiO_2光电催化材料的改性策略研究进展
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摘要
近年来,环境污染、能源枯竭问题日益严重,成为制约人类生存与发展的主要因素。光电催化技术能够同时实现污染物的降解与清洁能源的制备,有助于缓解环境污染与能源枯竭问题。作为典型的光(电)催化材料,TiO_2具有光活性强、性质稳定、廉价易得、环境友好等诸多优点,数十年来已成为光催化及相关领域的研究热点。然而,TiO_2存在的本征缺陷依然制约着其进一步推广应用,为此研究人员已提出多种方式对TiO_2进行改性。其中贵金属/TiO_2复合材料可显著提升TiO_2的光学活性并拓宽其吸收波长范围,尤其是Au/TiO_2材料体系已受到广泛关注和认可,表现出良好的应用前景。本文通过对目前Au/TiO_2复合材料的发展现状进行了总结,首先简单介绍了Au和TiO_2的化学性质及Au对TiO_2光学性能的增强原理;随后对Au/TiO_2复合材料的改性策略及相关作用机制展开讨论,包括Au对TiO_2光学性能的影响及调控、修饰方法的选择与影响等;最后总结出目前Au/TiO_2复合材料依然以克服TiO_2的两大本征缺陷为主,探讨各类新型Au/TiO_2复合材料有望使其得到逐步推广与实际应用。最后对目前Au/TiO_2复合材料的研究现状进行系统总结并探讨该材料未来的研究和发展方向。
Recently, the environmental pollution and energy depletion problems are becoming more and more serious, which have restricted the human survival and development. Using photocatalytic technique,the degradation of pollutants and preparation of clean energy can be achieved, which help to reduce the environmental pollution and curb the energy depletion. Titanium dioxide(TiO_2) is one of the most studied materials in photocatalysis area, due to many advantages including excellent photoactivity, stable, cheap and environment friendly. However, the intrinsic defects existing in TiO_2 still restrict its further application. The researchers have proposed a variety of ways for the modification of TiO_2. For example,precious metals/TiO_2 composites can significantly improve the photoactivity and broaden the absorption wavelength range of TiO_2. Especially, Au/TiO_2 composite has been widely studied, which shows a promising prospect of applications in many areas. In this review, the development of Au/TiO_2 composites in recent years is summarized. Firstly, the chemical properties of Au and TiO_2, and the optical enhancement principle of Au/TiO_2 composites are briefly introduced. Then, the modified strategy and related mechanism of Au/TiO_2 composites are well discussed, including Au regulation effect on the optical properties of TiO_2, and the selective modification methods and techniques. Finally, the current status of Au/TiO_2 composites are still dominated by overcoming the two major intrinsic defects of TiO_2, and it is expected that various new Au/TiO_2 composites can be gradually promoted and applied.
Recently, the environmental pollution and energy depletion problems are becoming more and more serious, which have restricted the human survival and development. Using photocatalytic technique,the degradation of pollutants and preparation of clean energy can be achieved, which help to reduce the environmental pollution and curb the energy depletion. Titanium dioxide(TiO_2) is one of the most studied materials in photocatalysis area, due to many advantages including excellent photoactivity, stable, cheap and environment friendly. However, the intrinsic defects existing in TiO_2 still restrict its further application. The researchers have proposed a variety of ways for the modification of TiO_2. For example,precious metals/TiO_2 composites can significantly improve the photoactivity and broaden the absorption wavelength range of TiO_2. Especially, Au/TiO_2 composite has been widely studied, which shows a promising prospect of applications in many areas. In this review, the development of Au/TiO_2 composites in recent years is summarized. Firstly, the chemical properties of Au and TiO_2, and the optical enhancement principle of Au/TiO_2 composites are briefly introduced. Then, the modified strategy and related mechanism of Au/TiO_2 composites are well discussed, including Au regulation effect on the optical properties of TiO_2, and the selective modification methods and techniques. Finally, the current status of Au/TiO_2 composites are still dominated by overcoming the two major intrinsic defects of TiO_2, and it is expected that various new Au/TiO_2 composites can be gradually promoted and applied.
引文
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[5]霍小鹤,刘培培,刘小强,等.以金纳米颗粒-二氧化钛纳米线阵列为支架的电化学免疫传感的构建及其应用[J].化学研究, 2017, 28(1):113-119.HUO Xiaohe, LIU Peipei, LIU Xiaoqiang, et al. Construction of an electrochemical immunosensor based on Au nanoparticles-TiO2nanowire arrays and its application[J]. Chemical Research, 2017, 28(1):113-119.
[6] QIU Pengxiang, XU Chenmin, ZHOU Ning, et al. Metal-free black phosphorus nanosheets-decorated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets with C-P bonds for excellent photocatalytic nitrogen fixation[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 2018, 221:27-35.
[7] LIU Detao, LI Shibin, ZHANG Peng, et al. Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with Li-doped compact TiO2layer[J]. Nano Energy, 2017, 31:462-468.
[8] KANG Yuyang, YANG Yongqiang, YIN Lichang, et al. Selective breaking of hydrogen bonds of layered carbon nitride for visible light photocatalysis[J]. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(30):6471-6477.
[9] LI Hao, LI Jie, AI Zhihui, et al. Oxygen vacancy-mediated photocatalysis of BiOCl:reactivity, selectivity, and perspectives[J].Angewandte Chemie:International Edition, 2018, 57(1):122-138.
[10] ZENG Xiangkang, WANG Zhouyou, WANG Gen, et al. Highly dispersed TiO2nanocrystals and WO3nanorods on reduced graphene oxide:Z-scheme photocatalysis system for accelerated photocatalytic water disinfection[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 2017, 218:163-173.
[11]翟宏菊.齐兵,王立晶,等. Au-TiO2纳米复合材料的合成及其应用研究进展[J].化工新型材料, 2014, 42(9):188-190.ZHAI Hongju, QI Bing, WANG Lijing, et al. Research on synthesis and application in catalysis and detection of Au-TiO2nanocomposites[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2014, 42(9):188-190.
[12] KELLY Klance, CORONADO Eduardo, ZHAO Linlin, et al. The optical properties of metal nanoparticles:the influence of size, shape,and dielectric environment[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2003,107(3):668-677.
[13] CLAVERO César. Plasmon-induced hot-electron generation at nanoparticle/metal-oxide interfaces for photovoltaic and photocatalytic devices[J]. Nature Photonics, 2014, 8(2):95-103.
[14] ZHANG Jianming, JIN Xin, MORALES-GUZMAN Pabloi, et al.Engineering the absorption and field enhancement properties of AuTiO2nanohybrids via whispering gallery mode resonances for photocatalytic water splitting[J]. ACS Nano, 2016, 10(4):4496-4503.
[15]倪冰楠,陆婷,刘心娟,等.纳米Au/TiO2复合物光催化降解亚甲基蓝[J].环境工程学报, 2014, 8(12):5372-5376.NI Bingnan, LU Ting, LIU Xinjuan, et al. UV photocatalytic reduction of methylene blue by nano Au/TiO2composites[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2014, 8(12):5372-5376.
[16] WANG Jiale, ANDO Romulo, CAMARGO Pedro. Controlling the selectivity of the surface plasmon resonance mediated oxidation of paminothiophenol on Au nanoparticles by charge transfer from UVexcited TiO2[J]. Angewandte Chemie:International Edition, 2015, 54(23):6909-6912.
[17]韩铁虎. Au/TiO2纳米复合材料光催化性能研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学, 2016.HAN Tiehu. The study on photocatalytic activities of Au-TiO2nanocomposites[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 2016.
[18] CAI Jingsheng, HUANG Jianying, LAI Yuekun. 3D Au-decorated BiMoO6nanosheet/TiO2nanotube array heterostructure with enhanced UV and visible-light photocatalytic activity[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2017, 5(31):16412-16421.
[19] XING Xiaofang, FU Hungsung, MIAO Jianwei, et al. Metal-clusterdecorated TiO2nanotube arrays:a composite heterostructure toward versatile photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical applications[J].Small, 2015, 11(5):554-567.
[20] NGUYEN Nhattruong, ALTOMARE Marco, YOO Jeongeun, et al.Efficient photocatalytic H2evolution:controlled dewetting dealloying to fabricate site selective high activity nanoporous Au particles on highly ordered TiO2nanotube arrays[J]. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(20):3208-3215.
[21]尹云超. TiO2纳米管阵列改性及其光电催化性能研究[D].西安:西北大学, 2017.YIN Yunchao. Photoelecttrocatalytic performance research of modified TiO2nanotube array[D]. Xi’an:Northweast University, 2017.
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