不同试点地区学生对农村学生营养改善计划的认知及满意度现状
|
摘要
目的了解"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"(以下简称"计划")实施地区农村学生对"计划"的知晓和认识现状,为促进学生参与"计划"实施和进一步提高对供餐的接受度提供依据。方法在实施"计划"的3个国家试点县和2个地方试点县各随机抽取"计划"覆盖的1所中学和1所小学,选择四～九年级学生,每个年级抽取2个班级进行问卷调查,共调查学生2364名。结果被调查学生对农村义务教育学生营养改善计划的知晓情况较好,有78.9%的学生对"计划"表示熟悉,国家试点地区学生对"计划"的知晓程度高于地方试点。被调查的学生认为"计划"的影响比较积极,对"计划"所带来影响的认识得分中位数为20.0(18.0,20.0)分。国家试点地区学生对"计划"认识的积极程度高于地方试点(P值均<0.05)。学生对供餐的满意度尚可,有78.7%的学生认为供餐的量刚好足够,60.9%的学生非常喜欢学校提供的食物,学生剩下学校提供的食物的原因主要是"量太多吃不完"(27.4%)、"不想总吃同样的"(22.8%)和"不喜欢吃"(9.2%)。结论农村义务教育学生营养改善计划实施地区学生对"计划"认知情况较好,对供餐的满意度尚可。应在试点地区建立健康促进学校,鼓励学生和家长参与供餐环节,重视营养健康教育,促进地区间经验交流,提高营养餐质量和可接受度。
Objective To understand rural students' perception and satisfaction of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students(NIPRCES), and to provide basis for promoting students' participation in the school feeding program and improving the acceptability of school feeding.Methods In 3 national pilot counties and 2 local pilot counties of NIPRCES, 1 middle school and 1 primary school were randomly selected.Two classes of 2364 students from grade 4 to grade 9 were randomly selected and investigated with questionnaires.Results Students were aware of the policy, with 78.9% of the students reported to be familiar with NIPRCES.The awareness rate of students at the national pilot areas was higher than that in local pilot areas(P<0.05).Students showed positive attitude towards NIPRCES.The median score of students' understandings of the influence of NIPRCES was 20.0(18.0, 20.0) points.Students in national pilot areas showed a more positive attitude toward the program than those in local pilot areas(P<0.05).Moderate satisfaction was reported in school feeding, 78.7% of students thought that school provided adequate amount of food, and 60.9% of the students enjoyed the food very much.The main reasons for leftovers were too much in amount(27.4%), repetition of food types(22.8%) and food aversions(9.2%).Conclusion Students are quite aware of NIPRCES and show moderate satisfaction in school feeding.The awareness and satisfaction are relatively higher among students in national pilot areas than those in local pilot areas.Health promoting schools should be established and students and parents should be advocated to take part in the program, health education need to be promoted in schools.Experiences sharing between different places could help improve the quality and acceptability of school feeding program.
Objective To understand rural students' perception and satisfaction of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students(NIPRCES), and to provide basis for promoting students' participation in the school feeding program and improving the acceptability of school feeding.Methods In 3 national pilot counties and 2 local pilot counties of NIPRCES, 1 middle school and 1 primary school were randomly selected.Two classes of 2364 students from grade 4 to grade 9 were randomly selected and investigated with questionnaires.Results Students were aware of the policy, with 78.9% of the students reported to be familiar with NIPRCES.The awareness rate of students at the national pilot areas was higher than that in local pilot areas(P<0.05).Students showed positive attitude towards NIPRCES.The median score of students' understandings of the influence of NIPRCES was 20.0(18.0, 20.0) points.Students in national pilot areas showed a more positive attitude toward the program than those in local pilot areas(P<0.05).Moderate satisfaction was reported in school feeding, 78.7% of students thought that school provided adequate amount of food, and 60.9% of the students enjoyed the food very much.The main reasons for leftovers were too much in amount(27.4%), repetition of food types(22.8%) and food aversions(9.2%).Conclusion Students are quite aware of NIPRCES and show moderate satisfaction in school feeding.The awareness and satisfaction are relatively higher among students in national pilot areas than those in local pilot areas.Health promoting schools should be established and students and parents should be advocated to take part in the program, health education need to be promoted in schools.Experiences sharing between different places could help improve the quality and acceptability of school feeding program.
引文
[1]教育部.关于农村义务教育学生营养改善计划实施情况的报告[EB/OL].[2017-07-30].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/201703/t20170302_297934.html.
[2]张倩,张帆,潘慧,等.学生营养改善计划不同供餐模式学校2012和2013年食物供应比较[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1618-1620.
[3]徐培培,李荔,潘慧,等.“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”学校食堂建设情况及影响因素分析[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(4):73-77.
[4]王婷婷,张倩,潘慧,等.学生营养改善计划地区2013年学生食物摄入情况[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):670-673.
[5]STLEGER L,YOUNG I,BLANCHARD C.et al.Promoting health in schools:from evidence to action[EB/OL].[2018-09-28].https://hivhealthclearinghouse.unesco.org/library/documents/promoting-health-schools-evidence-action.
[6]潘慧,张倩,唐振闯,等.农村学生营养改善计划地区学生就餐满意度[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):663-665.
[7]段佳丽,潘勇平,滕立新,等.北京市中小学校自供营养午餐营养质量分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(6):651-653.
[8]SMITH A D,FILDES A,COOKE L,et al.Genetic and environmental influences on food preferences in adolescence[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2016,104(2):446-453.
[9]中国营养学会.中国学龄儿童膳食指南(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016.
[10]GRAZIOSE M M,ANG I.Factors related to fruit and vegetable consumption at lunch among elementary students:a scoping review[J].Prev Chron Dis,2018,15(5):1-12.
[11]陈会方.论农村基本公共卫生服务政策执行困境与政策宣传:基于政策工具的视角分析[J].传播与版权,2013,4(4):136-138.
[12]TANAKA N,MIYOSHI M.School lunch program for health promotion among children in Japan[J].Asia Pac J Clin Nutr,2012,21(1):155-158.
[13]梁新新,冯月明,田景丰,等.营养宣教对小学生午餐剩余情况的改善效果评价[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(5):83-86.
[14]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.学生餐营养指南[EB/OL].[2018-02-01].http://www.moh.gov.cn/zhuz/yingyang/201708/e8a131882d2c4a8c95f10a8b7b5fe662.shtml.
[2]张倩,张帆,潘慧,等.学生营养改善计划不同供餐模式学校2012和2013年食物供应比较[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1618-1620.
[3]徐培培,李荔,潘慧,等.“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”学校食堂建设情况及影响因素分析[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(4):73-77.
[4]王婷婷,张倩,潘慧,等.学生营养改善计划地区2013年学生食物摄入情况[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):670-673.
[5]STLEGER L,YOUNG I,BLANCHARD C.et al.Promoting health in schools:from evidence to action[EB/OL].[2018-09-28].https://hivhealthclearinghouse.unesco.org/library/documents/promoting-health-schools-evidence-action.
[6]潘慧,张倩,唐振闯,等.农村学生营养改善计划地区学生就餐满意度[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):663-665.
[7]段佳丽,潘勇平,滕立新,等.北京市中小学校自供营养午餐营养质量分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(6):651-653.
[8]SMITH A D,FILDES A,COOKE L,et al.Genetic and environmental influences on food preferences in adolescence[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2016,104(2):446-453.
[9]中国营养学会.中国学龄儿童膳食指南(2016)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2016.
[10]GRAZIOSE M M,ANG I.Factors related to fruit and vegetable consumption at lunch among elementary students:a scoping review[J].Prev Chron Dis,2018,15(5):1-12.
[11]陈会方.论农村基本公共卫生服务政策执行困境与政策宣传:基于政策工具的视角分析[J].传播与版权,2013,4(4):136-138.
[12]TANAKA N,MIYOSHI M.School lunch program for health promotion among children in Japan[J].Asia Pac J Clin Nutr,2012,21(1):155-158.
[13]梁新新,冯月明,田景丰,等.营养宣教对小学生午餐剩余情况的改善效果评价[J].中国食物与营养,2015,21(5):83-86.
[14]国家卫生和计划生育委员会.学生餐营养指南[EB/OL].[2018-02-01].http://www.moh.gov.cn/zhuz/yingyang/201708/e8a131882d2c4a8c95f10a8b7b5fe662.shtml.