交叉口指路标志信息要素需求研究
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摘要
指路标志在驾驶人出行过程中至关重要,目前标志系统现存一些问题,如指路信息无法满足驾驶人需求,在交叉口处尤为明显。为研究驾驶人在出行过程中对路网信息要素的需求,设计并开展了交叉口周边路网信息的需求实验与调查问卷。结果表明,驾驶人开车行驶至交叉口时,对近端路名、地名信息的需求程度高于对远端信息的需求;出行过程中对不同指路信息的需求与目的地有关;91%的驾驶人倾向于指路标志中选取路名信息;78%的驾驶人倾向于指路标志中选取方向信息;94%的驾驶人认为指路标志信息数量在4～9条之间较为合适。通过对3类信息的重要程度进行排序,得出路名信息最为重要,其次为地名信息,最后为方向信息。
Traffic guide signs are important in daily travel of drivers. There are problems in guide signs system such as guiding information cannot meet the needs of drivers. These problems are particularly prominent at intersections. In order to study information demand of drivers on travel, a case study and a questionnaire are designed. The results show that when drivers are at an intersection, the information demand for the nearest road and district are higher than remote ones. 91% of the drivers tend to choose signs contain road information. 78% of the drivers tend to choose signs contain direction information. 94% of the drivers approve that one guide sign contains 4-9 pieces of information is suitable. After sorting, it found that road information is the most important, followed by district information, then direction information.
Traffic guide signs are important in daily travel of drivers. There are problems in guide signs system such as guiding information cannot meet the needs of drivers. These problems are particularly prominent at intersections. In order to study information demand of drivers on travel, a case study and a questionnaire are designed. The results show that when drivers are at an intersection, the information demand for the nearest road and district are higher than remote ones. 91% of the drivers tend to choose signs contain road information. 78% of the drivers tend to choose signs contain direction information. 94% of the drivers approve that one guide sign contains 4-9 pieces of information is suitable. After sorting, it found that road information is the most important, followed by district information, then direction information.
引文
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[16] 李佳辉,赵晓华,万钰涵.学校地区交通安全设施选择模型研究[J].交通信息与安全,2017:25-31.LI Jiahui,ZHAO Xiaohua,WAN Yuhan.A selection model of traffic safety facility in school zones [J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety.2017:25-31.(in Chinese)
[17] 王笃明,胡梦,葛列众,等.城市道路指路标志版面要素信息用户需求研究[J],人类工效学,2015,21(2):26-37.WANG Duming,HU Meng,GE Zhonglie,et.al.User requirements analysis of information elements on urban road guide sign[J].Chinese Journal of Ergonomics,2015,21(2):26-37.(in Chinese)
[18] ZHAO Xiaohua,DING Han,LIN Zhanzhou.Effects of longitudinal speed reduction markings on left-turn direct connectors [J].Accident Analysis & Prevention.2018(115):41-52.
[19] 陈国龙.公路交通指路标志信息可用性研究与评价[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.CHEN Guolong.Study and evalution on the information′s usability of traffic guide signs[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2006.(in Chinese)
[20] 韩凤春,纪强.平面交叉口指路标志版面内容设计方法研究[J],中国人民公安大学学报,2010(3):77-80.HAN Fengchun,JI Qiang.Research on the design method of layout content of plane intersection[J].Journal of Chinese People′ s Public Security University,2010(3):77-80.(in Chinese)
[21] 牟振华,胡光明.基于城市道路功能划分的交叉口指路标志信息分级体系[J],城市道桥与防洪,2007,4(4):90-94.MOU Zhenhua,HU Guangming.Classification system of intersection sign information based on function division of urban road[J].Urban Roads Bridges & Flood Control,2007,4(4):90-94.(in Chinese)
[2] 中国国家标准化管理委员会.道路交通标志和标线:GB 5768—2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.Standardization Administration of the People′s Republic of China.Road traffic signs and markings:GB 5768-2009[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[3] 周正宇,姜帆.北京市公路交通标志指路系统设计指南[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2007.ZHOU Zhengyu,JIANG Fan.Guide for design of highway traffic sign guide system in Beijing[M].Beijing:People′s Transportation Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[4] GUO Zhongyin,WEI Zhengmin,WANG Haocheng.The expressway traffic sign information volume threshold and AGS position based on driving behavior[C].6th Transport Research Arena,Warsaw,Poland,2016:3801-3810.
[5] LIU Yungching.A simulated study on the effects of information volume on traffic signs,viewing strategies and sign familiarity upon driver′s visual search performance[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2005,35(12):1147-1158.
[6] ANNIE W,ALAN H.Cognitive design features on traffic signs[J].Engineering Letters.2007,14(1):710-715.
[7] TAMAR B,DAVID S.The effect of context and drivers′ age on highway traffic signs comprehension[J].Transportation Research Part F:Psychology & Behaviour,2015(33):117-127.
[8] HASHIM A,ABDUL R.Assessment of drivers′ comprehension of traffic signs based on their traffic,personal and social characteristics[J].Transportation Research Part F:Psychology & Behaviour,2002(5):63-76.
[9] GAO X,PODLADCHIKOVA L.Recognition of traffic signs based on their colour and shape features extracted using human vision models[J].Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation.2006(17):675-685.
[10] OUYANG Kun,LIU Yungching.Effects of sign design features and training on comprehension of traffic signs on Taiwanese and Vietnamese user groups[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2012(42):1-7.
[11] 刘小明,张伟,魏中华,等.指路标志版面评价与优化[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,41(1):95-102.LIU Xiaoming,ZHANG Wei,WEI Zhonghua,et al.Evaluation and optimization of traffic guide sign layout[J].Journal of Beijing University Of Technology,2015,41(1):95-102.(in Chinese)
[12] 杜志刚,潘晓东,郭雪斌.交通指路标志信息量与视认性关系[J],交通运输工程学报,2008,8(1):118-122.DU Zhigang,PAN Xiaodong,GUO Xuebin.Relationship between information quantity and visual cognition of traffic guide sign[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering ,2008,8(1):118-122.(in Chinese)
[13] 李伟,姜明,唐琤琤.公路指路标志系统的改进研究[J],公路交通科技,2007,24(12):117-122.LI Wei,JIANG Ming,TANG Zhengzheng.Study on the improvement of highway guide sign system[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2007,24(12):117-122.(in Chinese)
[14] 张业生,戚春华,朱守林.城市道路交通标志对驾驶员视觉影响的研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2011,32(3):260-262.ZHANG Yesheng,QI Chunhua,ZHU Shoulin.Eye tracker based on urban road traffic signs on the visual impact of the driver[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2011,32(3):260-262.(in Chinese)
[15] 祖永昶,李娅,王运霞.城市道路指路标志信息量限值研究[J].交通信息与安全,2012,30(6):38-42.ZU Yongchang,LI Ya,WANG Yunxia.Research on information limit of urban road signs [J].Journal Transport Information and Safety.2012,30(6):38-42.(in Chinese)
[16] 李佳辉,赵晓华,万钰涵.学校地区交通安全设施选择模型研究[J].交通信息与安全,2017:25-31.LI Jiahui,ZHAO Xiaohua,WAN Yuhan.A selection model of traffic safety facility in school zones [J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety.2017:25-31.(in Chinese)
[17] 王笃明,胡梦,葛列众,等.城市道路指路标志版面要素信息用户需求研究[J],人类工效学,2015,21(2):26-37.WANG Duming,HU Meng,GE Zhonglie,et.al.User requirements analysis of information elements on urban road guide sign[J].Chinese Journal of Ergonomics,2015,21(2):26-37.(in Chinese)
[18] ZHAO Xiaohua,DING Han,LIN Zhanzhou.Effects of longitudinal speed reduction markings on left-turn direct connectors [J].Accident Analysis & Prevention.2018(115):41-52.
[19] 陈国龙.公路交通指路标志信息可用性研究与评价[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.CHEN Guolong.Study and evalution on the information′s usability of traffic guide signs[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2006.(in Chinese)
[20] 韩凤春,纪强.平面交叉口指路标志版面内容设计方法研究[J],中国人民公安大学学报,2010(3):77-80.HAN Fengchun,JI Qiang.Research on the design method of layout content of plane intersection[J].Journal of Chinese People′ s Public Security University,2010(3):77-80.(in Chinese)
[21] 牟振华,胡光明.基于城市道路功能划分的交叉口指路标志信息分级体系[J],城市道桥与防洪,2007,4(4):90-94.MOU Zhenhua,HU Guangming.Classification system of intersection sign information based on function division of urban road[J].Urban Roads Bridges & Flood Control,2007,4(4):90-94.(in Chinese)