陕西省地质灾害与影响因素相关性研究
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摘要
基于陕西省各市县地质灾害详细调查成果资料,利用GIS技术建立了地质灾害空间分布和地形地貌、地层岩性等5个影响因素的数据库,将数据库要素转换为50×50 m的栅格数据,重分类后统计各因素中发生地质灾害的栅格数目,计算其与地质灾害分布的相关性系数。结果显示:陕西省地质灾害在陕南秦巴山区地貌单元中最为发育;各地层岩性中,奥陶系对地质灾害的影响最大;高程为400～800 m,坡度为20°～30°,以及坡型曲率绝对值大于1的阳坡和年平均降雨量大于700 mm区域均为地质灾害易发区域;沿着断裂带、河流和交通线路,地质灾害呈现出"带状"分布,相关性系数沿着远离断裂带(河流、交通线路)的方向减小。研究结果对陕西省地质灾害的预防和治理提供依据。
According to the detailed investigation results of geological hazars in Shaanxi Province, GIS technology is used to establish a spatial distribution database of geological hazards and a database of seven influencing factors such as geology, topography, hydrology and so on. The author converts the database elements into 50×50 m raster data, and reclassified the grids of geological hazards among various factors, and calculates the correlation coefficient between impact factors and the distribution of geological hazards. The results show that the geological hazards are most intensely developed in the geomorphic units of the Qinling-Daba Mountains in southern Shaanxi province. The Ordovician has the greatest correlation with the distribution of geological hazards among the Stratigraphic lithology. The sunny slope with the elevation is 400～800 m, and the slope is 20°～30°, absolute slope curvature greater than 1 and the annual average rainfall greater than 700 mm are geological hazard-prone areas. Along the fault zone, rivers and traffic lines, geological hazards distribution appear as "bands", the correlation coefficient decreases along the direction away from the fault zone(river, traffic line). The research results provide a basis for the geological hazards prevention and mitigation work in Shaanxi Province.
According to the detailed investigation results of geological hazars in Shaanxi Province, GIS technology is used to establish a spatial distribution database of geological hazards and a database of seven influencing factors such as geology, topography, hydrology and so on. The author converts the database elements into 50×50 m raster data, and reclassified the grids of geological hazards among various factors, and calculates the correlation coefficient between impact factors and the distribution of geological hazards. The results show that the geological hazards are most intensely developed in the geomorphic units of the Qinling-Daba Mountains in southern Shaanxi province. The Ordovician has the greatest correlation with the distribution of geological hazards among the Stratigraphic lithology. The sunny slope with the elevation is 400～800 m, and the slope is 20°～30°, absolute slope curvature greater than 1 and the annual average rainfall greater than 700 mm are geological hazard-prone areas. Along the fault zone, rivers and traffic lines, geological hazards distribution appear as "bands", the correlation coefficient decreases along the direction away from the fault zone(river, traffic line). The research results provide a basis for the geological hazards prevention and mitigation work in Shaanxi Province.
引文
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[13] 姜建伟,赵法锁,祝俊华,等.陕西省吴起县斜坡几何形态与地质灾害相关性研究[J].灾害学, 2018, 33(2) : 188-192.
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[15] 杜继稳.降雨型地质灾害预报预警—以黄土高原和秦巴山区为例[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006.
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[2] 陕西省地质环境监测总站. 2001-2016年陕西省地质灾害灾情报告[R]. 西安:陕西省地质环境监测总站, 2001-2016.
[3] Lee S, Ryu J, Min K, et al. Development and application of landslide susceptibility analysis techniques using geographic information system (GIS)[C]// Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2000. Proceedings. IGARSS 2000. IEEE 2000 International. IEEE, 2000: 319-321.1.
[4] Lee Min K. Statistical analysis of landslide susceptibility at Yongin, Korea. Environmental Geology[J]. 2001, 40: 1095-1113.
[5] Carrara A, Cardinali M, Guzzetti F, et al. GIS Technology in Mapping Landslide Hazard[M]// Geographical Information Systems in Assessing Natural Hazards. Springer Netherlands, 1995: 135-175.
[6] 王雁林,郝俊卿,赵法锁,等.陕西省地质灾害风险区划初步研究[J]. 西安科技大学学报, 2011, 31(1): 46-52.
[7] 白世彪, 闾国年, 盛业华,等. 基于GIS的长江三峡库区滑坡影响因子分析[J]. 山地学报, 2005, 23(1): 65-72.
[8] 张茂省.黄土地质灾害影响因素研究[J]. 工程地质学报, 2007, 15( S1 ): 133-140.
[9] 赵法锁,王雁林,胡志平,等.陕西省地震灾区地质灾害发育与分布规律研究报告[R].西安: 长安大学, 2012.
[10] 强菲, 赵法锁, 党亚倩,等. 陕南秦巴山区地质灾害与影响因素的相关性分析[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2015, 13(3): 557-562.
[11] 张晓敏,李辉,刘海南等.基于灰色理论的陕西省地质灾害趋势预测[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学,2018, 29(5):7-12.
[12] 李奋生, 李勇, 赵国华,等. 汶川8.0级地震震后泥石流空间分布和控制因素分析[J]. 灾害学, 2014, 29(2): 38-41.
[13] 姜建伟,赵法锁,祝俊华,等.陕西省吴起县斜坡几何形态与地质灾害相关性研究[J].灾害学, 2018, 33(2) : 188-192.
[14] 王朝阳.坡向与斜坡稳定性的关系研究[D]. 昆明:昆明理工大学, 2008.
[15] 杜继稳.降雨型地质灾害预报预警—以黄土高原和秦巴山区为例[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006.
[16] 董琪. 延安市河谷系统与地质灾害相关性分析研究[D]. 西安:长安大学, 2012.