基于改进型面积差法MPPT策略研究
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摘要
光伏电池最大功率点跟踪是光伏发电系统的关键技术之一。目前光伏电池最大功率点的控制方法存在跟踪精度不高、跟踪速率迟缓以及在临近最大功率点时产生振荡从而造成能量损失等缺点,为克服这些缺点,提出一种基于改进型自适应面积差法的控制策略。通过DC-DC变换电路改变阻抗以匹配光伏电池输出阻抗,并运用遗传算法能在恶劣环境中快速精确追踪到最大功率点的特性结合平稳工作在最大功率点的自适应面积差法,实现对最大功率点跟踪。在MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真平台上搭建模型,结果证实改进型自适应面积差法控制策略具有跟踪精度高、跟踪速率快以及能平稳工作在最大功率点等优点。
The maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells is one of the key technologies of photovoltaic power generation system. The current control method of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking accuracy is not high, has the disadvantages of slow tracking speed and oscillation near the maximum power point resulting in energy loss, to overcome these shortcomings, an improved adaptive control strategy based on the method of area difference is proposed. Through the DC-DC transform circuit changing impedance to match the photovoltaic cell output impedance, and the use of the genetic algorithm in the harsh environment quickly and accurately track the maximum power point can be combined with the characteristics of stable work in the area of adaptive maximum power point difference method to achieve maximum power point tracking. The model is built on the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation platform, and the results show that the improved adaptive area difference control strategy has the advantages of high tracking accuracy, fast tracking speed and smooth operation at the maximum power point.
The maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells is one of the key technologies of photovoltaic power generation system. The current control method of photovoltaic maximum power point tracking accuracy is not high, has the disadvantages of slow tracking speed and oscillation near the maximum power point resulting in energy loss, to overcome these shortcomings, an improved adaptive control strategy based on the method of area difference is proposed. Through the DC-DC transform circuit changing impedance to match the photovoltaic cell output impedance, and the use of the genetic algorithm in the harsh environment quickly and accurately track the maximum power point can be combined with the characteristics of stable work in the area of adaptive maximum power point difference method to achieve maximum power point tracking. The model is built on the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation platform, and the results show that the improved adaptive area difference control strategy has the advantages of high tracking accuracy, fast tracking speed and smooth operation at the maximum power point.
引文
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[15]赵争鸣,陈剑,孙晓瑛.太阳能光伏发电最大功率点跟踪技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2012:32-33.Zhao Z M,Chen J,Sun X Y.Maximum Power Point Tracking Technology for Photovoltaic Power Generation[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2012:32-33.
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[2]BIDYADHAR S,PRADHAN R.A comparative Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Power Systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2013,4(1):89-98.
[3]荣雅君,陈乐,崔明勇,等.基于最大功率点跟踪的蓄电池充电控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):347-351.Rong Y J,Chen L,Cui M Y,et al.A Battery Charging Control Strategy Based on Maximum Power Point Tracking[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):347-351.
[4]Mohd-Zainuri M A A,Mohd-Radzi M A,Soh A C,et al.Development of Adaptive Perturb and Observe-Fuzzy Control Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic Boost DC-DC Converter[J].Renewable Power Generation,IET,2014,8(2):183-194.
[5]杨勇,朱彬彬,赵方平,等.一种电流预测控制的自适应变步长最大功率跟踪方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,26(6):855-862.Yang Y,Zhu B B,Zhao F P,et al.An Adaptive and Variable Step MPPTMethod Based on Current Predictive Controllers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,26(6):855-862.
[6]Chen Y,Lai Z,Liang R.A Novel Auto-Scaling Variable Step-Size MPPTMethod for a PV System[J].Solar Energy,2014,102(4):247-256.
[7]周东宝,陈渊睿.基于改进型变步长电导增量法的最大功率点跟踪策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1497-1498.Zhou D B,Chen Y R.Maximum Power Point Tracking Strategy Based on Modified Variable Step-Size Incremental Conductance Algorithm[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1497-1498.
[8]熊宇,李玉玲,廖鸿飞.光伏并网电流源逆变器扰动电阻最大功率跟踪策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(12):3300-3304.Xiong Y,Li Y L,Liao H F.A Perturbing Resistance Maximum Power Point Tracking Strategy of Current Source Inverter for Grid-Connected PV Generation System[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1497-1498.
[9]薛阳,杨骏涛,李华郁,等.改进型光伏最大功率跟踪自适应变步长算法[J].控制工程,2015,22(4):696-699.Xue Y,Yang J T,Li H Y,et al.Improved Adaptive Variable Step Size Algorithm Used in Maximum Power Point Tracking Control of PVPower Systems[J].Control Engineering of China,2015,22(4):696-699.
[10]黄倩,邓亮,唐忠.基于模糊控制的太阳能光伏发电系统的MPPT研究[J].湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版),2016,29(1):48-53.Huang Q,Deng L,Tang Z.The research of photovoltaic generation systems combining MPPT control method based on fuzzy control[J].Journal of Hunan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences)2016,29(1):48-53.
[11]董慧颖,白鹤.基于模糊控制的太阳电池最大功率点跟踪算法研究[J].太阳能学报,2014,35(8):1416-1421.Dong H Y,Bai H.Research of Maximum Power Point Tracking of Solar Cell Based on Fuzzy Controlling Technology[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2014,35(8):1416-1421.
[12]姬伟超,殷时蓉,刘朝涛.基于Buck-Boost拓扑的新量子遗传算法在MPPT技术中的应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(1):92-96.Ji W C,Yin S R,Liu Z T.Maximum Power Point Tracking Based on Buck-Boost Topology with New Quantum Genetic Algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(1):92-96.
[13]郑方昊.改进遗传算法在MPPT中的应用研究[J].机械制造与自动化,2013,41(2):185-187.Zheng F H.Research on a maximum power point tracking with DRPbased on improved genetic algorithm[J].Machine Building&Automation,2013,41(2):185-187.
[14]王旭强,刘广一,曾沅,等.分布式电源接入下配电网电压无功控制效果分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(1):47-53.Wang X Q,Liu G Y,Zeng Y,et al.Analysis on the Effects of Volt/Var Control Method Considering Distributed Generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(1):47-53.
[15]赵争鸣,陈剑,孙晓瑛.太阳能光伏发电最大功率点跟踪技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2012:32-33.Zhao Z M,Chen J,Sun X Y.Maximum Power Point Tracking Technology for Photovoltaic Power Generation[M].Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2012:32-33.
[16]韩新峰.基于神经网络与模糊控制的光伏MPPT复合控制的研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2013.Han X F.Research on Neural Network and Fuzzy Control Combined for Photovoltaic MPPT Control[D].Nanchang:Nanchang Hangkong University,2013.