往复螺杆背负式水肥机控制系统设计
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摘要
针对一种往复螺杆背负式水肥机的控制系统进行了设计。采用PIC18F23K22为主控芯片,输入信号主要包括电机信号、水肥喷施量调节信号和两个工作开关信号,主要控制电机、电磁阀、蜂鸣器及指示灯。同时,设计了电机过流保护电路,大大提高了系统的安全性和可靠性,并基于硬件结构和实际的工作流程,设计了软件系统,进行了水肥喷施量准确性的试验测试。结果表明:喷施误差在5%以内,提高了肥料利用率,减少了肥料残留,具有良好的经济效益和环境效益。田间试验结果表明:水管可自动松放,亦可在电机和往复螺杆导向机构作用下呈螺旋形自动均匀地缠绕在卷管筒上,无需人工重装水肥,提高了工作效率,具有良好推广价值。
This paper designs a control system for a reciprocating screw knapsack water-fertilizer machine. Using PIC18 F23 K22 as the main control chip,the input signals mainly include motor signals,water-fertilizer spray volume adjustment signals and two working switch signals. The output control signals mainly control the motor,solenoid valve,buzzer and indicator lights. Designing the over-current protection circuit greatly improves the system's safety and reliability. Based on the hardware structure and the actual work,a software system was designed. The accuracy test of water-fertilizer spraying was conducted. The results showed that the spraying error was within 5%,which greatly increased the fertilizer utilization,reduced the fertilizer residue and had good economic and environmental benefits. At the same time,a field experiment was carried out. The results showed that the water pipe can be automatically loosened,and the spiral pipe can be automatically and uniformly wound on the coil tube. No manual reloading of water-fertilizer is required,and the work efficiency is improved. The development of this system has further promoted the process of agricultural mechanization in the southwestern hilly area.
This paper designs a control system for a reciprocating screw knapsack water-fertilizer machine. Using PIC18 F23 K22 as the main control chip,the input signals mainly include motor signals,water-fertilizer spray volume adjustment signals and two working switch signals. The output control signals mainly control the motor,solenoid valve,buzzer and indicator lights. Designing the over-current protection circuit greatly improves the system's safety and reliability. Based on the hardware structure and the actual work,a software system was designed. The accuracy test of water-fertilizer spraying was conducted. The results showed that the spraying error was within 5%,which greatly increased the fertilizer utilization,reduced the fertilizer residue and had good economic and environmental benefits. At the same time,a field experiment was carried out. The results showed that the water pipe can be automatically loosened,and the spiral pipe can be automatically and uniformly wound on the coil tube. No manual reloading of water-fertilizer is required,and the work efficiency is improved. The development of this system has further promoted the process of agricultural mechanization in the southwestern hilly area.
引文
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[10]叶挺秀,张伯尧.电工电子学[M]. 2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:40-52.
[2]杨林林,张明跃,陈立超.设施番茄实施水肥一体化技术研究[J].信息系统工程,2018(5):112-113.
[3]王锐,孙权.基于水肥一体化的酿酒葡萄高效栽培与效益分析[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):115-121.
[4]杨林林,张海文,韩敏琦,等.水肥一体化技术要点及应用前景分析[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(16):23-25,28.
[5]高祥照,杜森,钟永红,等.水肥一体化发展现状与展望[J].中国农业信息,2015(4):14-19,63.
[6]路永莉,白凤华,杨宪龙,等.水肥一体化技术对不同生态区果园苹果生产的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(11):1281-1288.
[7]朱珠.滴灌施肥对枣园土壤电导率的影响[J].农业与技术,2018(11):14-17.
[8]林丽霞,张敬斐.滴灌技术在番茄生产中的试验应用[J].现代农机,2018(2):44-45.
[9]高玉山,孙云云,刘方明,等.玉米膜下滴灌水肥一体化技术研究进展[J].玉米科学,2016,24(6):155-159.
[10]叶挺秀,张伯尧.电工电子学[M]. 2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2004:40-52.
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