基于全息模型库的数字样机运动机构交互式创建系统
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摘要
针对运动机构创建过程中涉及定义运动副元素多、操作繁琐、专业性强、模型跨平台转换费时、效率较低等问题,提出了一种运动机构交互式创建系统,通过人机交互创建运动机构,方便用户快捷获取机构运动学参数,为机构设计提供参考。基于农机装备智能化设计系统全息模型库,以Visual Basic为开发语言,使用CATIA(Computer aided tri-dimensional interface application)二次开发接口、Windows API函数,实现对CATIA DMU(Digital mock-up)运动机构工作台创建运动机构命令的封装,以弱化专业背景知识的限制。以联合收获机割台为系统测试对象,分析零件间的运动关系,明确运动副的组成,通过模型预处理完善运动副构建要素,按标识规则在结构树上重命名各构建要素,并将其信息导出后储存。实例分析证明了该系统的可行性和有效性,本研究为农机装备智能化设计系统的研究提供了共性基础技术。
Mechanical design is an important guarantee for the quality of entire mechanical engineering,and the traditional mechanical design cannot meet the current needs,therefore,the development of intelligent mechanical design has become an inevitable trend. Intelligent design was researched and applied in the field of machinery,but research and application in the field of agricultural equipment was still in its infancy. In the intelligent design process of agricultural equipment,it was necessary to establish a design system,including model library,knowledge base,inference engine and intelligent assembly. For the mechanism with motion attribute in the system model library,the digital prototype can replace the physical prototype for the designer to analyze the performance and parameters related to the motion,which required the addition of motion simulation function module in the intelligent design system to test the motion characteristics of the mechanism in the model library and obtain its motion parameters.Aiming at the problems involved that the multiply of defined motion pairs elements,the cumbersome operation,the strong professional operation, the time-consuming conversion of the model between platforms,and the low efficiency in the process of creating a motion mechanism. An interactive creation system for motion mechanism was researched, the motion mechanism was created through humancomputer interaction,which was convenient for users to quickly obtain the kinematic parameters of the mechanism,and provide reference for the design of the mechanism. On the CATIA DMU( Digital mockup) motion mechanism workbench,the package command of the creation of motion mechanism was intended to weaken the limitations of professional background knowledge,which was based on the holographic model library of the intelligent design system of agricultural machinery and equipment,using secondary development interface of software of computer aided tri-dimensional interface application( CATIA) with the development language Visual Basic and Windows API function. The cutting table of combine was used as the system test object,the motion relationship between the parts was analyzed,the composition of the motion pairs was defined,the construction elements of the motion pairs were perfected by model preprocessing,the construction elements were renamed on the structure tree according to the identification rules,the information of which was exported and stored. The result of the test indicated that the system was feasible and effective,and the study promoted the acquisition of the kinematic parameters of the mechanism,and also provided a common basic technology for the research of the intelligent design system of agricultural machinery.
Mechanical design is an important guarantee for the quality of entire mechanical engineering,and the traditional mechanical design cannot meet the current needs,therefore,the development of intelligent mechanical design has become an inevitable trend. Intelligent design was researched and applied in the field of machinery,but research and application in the field of agricultural equipment was still in its infancy. In the intelligent design process of agricultural equipment,it was necessary to establish a design system,including model library,knowledge base,inference engine and intelligent assembly. For the mechanism with motion attribute in the system model library,the digital prototype can replace the physical prototype for the designer to analyze the performance and parameters related to the motion,which required the addition of motion simulation function module in the intelligent design system to test the motion characteristics of the mechanism in the model library and obtain its motion parameters.Aiming at the problems involved that the multiply of defined motion pairs elements,the cumbersome operation,the strong professional operation, the time-consuming conversion of the model between platforms,and the low efficiency in the process of creating a motion mechanism. An interactive creation system for motion mechanism was researched, the motion mechanism was created through humancomputer interaction,which was convenient for users to quickly obtain the kinematic parameters of the mechanism,and provide reference for the design of the mechanism. On the CATIA DMU( Digital mockup) motion mechanism workbench,the package command of the creation of motion mechanism was intended to weaken the limitations of professional background knowledge,which was based on the holographic model library of the intelligent design system of agricultural machinery and equipment,using secondary development interface of software of computer aided tri-dimensional interface application( CATIA) with the development language Visual Basic and Windows API function. The cutting table of combine was used as the system test object,the motion relationship between the parts was analyzed,the composition of the motion pairs was defined,the construction elements of the motion pairs were perfected by model preprocessing,the construction elements were renamed on the structure tree according to the identification rules,the information of which was exported and stored. The result of the test indicated that the system was feasible and effective,and the study promoted the acquisition of the kinematic parameters of the mechanism,and also provided a common basic technology for the research of the intelligent design system of agricultural machinery.
引文
[1]周深.智能制造———“中国制造2025”的主攻方向[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(17):2273-2284.ZHOU Shen. Intelligent manufacturing—the main direction of “Made in China 2025”[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2015,26(17):2273-2284.(in Chinese)
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[3]李西兴,郭顺生,杜百岗.纺织机械制造企业数字化智能化制造与管理平台设计与实现[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(3):672-685.LI Xixing,GUO Shunsheng,DU Baigang. Design and implementation of digital&intelligent management platform for textile machinery manufacturing enterprises[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(3):672-685.(in Chinese)
[4]陈威,郭书普.中国农业信息化技术发展现状及存在的问题[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(22):196-205.CHEN Wei,GUO Shupu. Development status and problems of agricultural information technology in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2013,29(22):196-205.(in Chinese)
[5] SHANG P. Design and implementation of intelligent agricultural system based on Zigbee[J]. Advances in Computer Science Research(ACSR),2017,61:1630-1634.
[6]郑建丽,刘平,张祝利.基于专家系统的舱室智能化设计在渔船上的应用[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(6):208-212.ZHENG Jianli,LIU Ping,ZHANG Zhuli. Application of intelligent design of cabin based on expert system on fishing vessels[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(6):208-212.(in Chinese)
[7]伍奎,李润方,刘景浩.智能化系统的知识表达与推理机制[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(5):98-103.WU Kui,LI Runfang,LIU Jinghao. Knowledge representation and reasoning mechanism of intelligent system[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(5):98-103.(in Chinese)
[8]刘宏新,贾儒,周兴宇,等.基于物元标识的人机交互式机械排种器虚拟装配[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):38-45.LIU Hongxin,JIA Ru,ZHOU Xingyu,et al. Virtual assembly of man-machine interactive mechanical seed-metering device based on matter-element identification[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(1):38-45.(in Chinese)
[9]罗锡文,廖娟,邹湘军,等.信息技术提升农业机械化水平[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(20):1-14.LUO Xiwen,LIAO Juan,ZOU Xiangjun,et al. Information technology improves the level of agricultural mechanization[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(20):1-14.(in Chinese)
[10]黎蔚,章志兵,柳玉起.基于CATIA的汽车零件多工位模具运动仿真系统[J].锻压技术,2017,42(6):126-131.LI Wei,ZHANG Zhibing,LIU Yuqi. Multi-station mold motion simulation system for automobile parts based on CATIA[J].Forging Technology,2017,42(6):126-131.(in Chinese)
[11]周仙娥.基于CATIA的数控机床加工仿真的研究与开发[D].沈阳:沈阳航空工业学院,2009.ZHOU Xian'e. CATIA secondary development and the movement simulator of NC machine based on it[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Industry,2009.(in Chinese)
[12]于成龙,李东升,李小强,等. VTL1000型数控蒙皮拉形机运动仿真系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(1):87-92.YU Chenglong,LI Dongsheng,LI Xiaoqiang,et al. VTL1000 CNC skinning machine motion simulation system[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2012,18(1):87-92.(in Chinese)
[13]邓文红,李龙,蔡洪斌.三维虚拟机器人运动仿真系统设计[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(12):3820-3823.DENG Wenhong,LI Long,CAI Hongbin. Design and implement of 3D virtual robot kinematics simulation system[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(12):3820-3823.(in Chinese)
[14]韩志仁,胡烨,许增辉.汽车模具冲压运动仿真系统研究[J].机械设计制造,2013,51(4):183-185.HAN Zhiren,HU Ye,XU Zenghui. Research on simulation system based on stamping motion of automobile die[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013,51(4):183-185.(in Chinese)
[15]何妍.激光沉积制造工业机器人离线编程与仿真系统研究[D].沈阳:沈阳航空航天大学,2017.HE Yan. The research in off-line programming and simulation system of industrial robot in laser deposition manufacturing[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Aerospace University,2017.(in Chinese)
[16] SHYH-KUANG U,DAVID L,CHIEH-HONG L. A ship motion simulation system[J]. Virtual Reality,2008,12(1):65-76.
[17] WANG B,GUO B,SU Y,et al. Research on motion simulation system for underwater vehicle[C]∥Control and Decision Conference,2008.
[18] JAVIER A,JON A B. Stamping line optimization using genetic algorithms and virtual 3D line simulation[J]. Springer:Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2010,6076:319-326.
[19] ZHANG C,ZHU L,LIU X. Investigations on model-based simulation of tool wear with carbide tools in milling operation[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2013,64:1373-1385.
[20] MIAO Y,SONG X W,JIN T. Improving the efficiency of solid-based NC simulation by using spatial decomposition methods[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,87:421-435.
[21]刘宏新,贾儒,郭丽峰,等.数字模型全息标识体系与辅助标识方法研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2018,49(9):414-426.LIU Hongxin,JIA Ru,GUO Lifeng,et al. Study on hierarchy of holographic identification and hechnology of auxiliary identification[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):414-426. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20180949&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2018.09. 049.(in Chinese)
[22]贾儒.基于物元标识的虚拟装配技术研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.JIA Ru. Research on virtual assembly technology based on matter-element identification[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[23]刘宏新,付露露,周兴宇,等.基于规则转换的机械式排种器系列与变异变型设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2015,46(11):77-85.LIU Hongxin,FU Lulu,ZHOU Xingyu,et al. Series and variation variant design of mechanical seed-metering device based on conversion of rule[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2015,46(11):77-85.(in Chinese)
[24]刘宏新,付露露,贾儒,等.大豆播种装备谱系模块聚类划分方法[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(19):43-50.LIU Hongxin,FU Lulu,JIA Ru,et al. Partition method for module clustering of soybean seeding equipment pedigree[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(19):43-50.(in Chinese)
[25]胡挺,吴立军. CATIA二次开发技术基础[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:92-98.
[26] EMMETT R. VB scripting for CATIA V5:how to program CATIA V5 macros[M]. Charleston:Create Space,2012.
[27] DIETER R Z. CATIA V5 macro programming with visual basic script[M]. New York:The McGraw-Hill Companies,2012:1-3.
[28]蒋丽. CATIA软件二次开发基础技术[J].汽车工程师,2016,43(4):38-41.JIANG Li. CATIA software secondary development basic technology[J]. Automotive Engineer,2016,43(4):38-41.(in Chinese)
[29]范文庆,周彬彬,安靖.精通Windows API:函数、接口、编程实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009:9-11.
[30]姚巍. Windows API函数在VB中的应用实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:12.
[31]刘宏新,贾儒.运动仿真技术[M]. 3版.北京:机械工业出版社,2016.
[32]于洋,贺栋,魏苏麒.基于Solid Works二次开发的智能装配技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2011,49(3):60-62.YU Yang,HE Dong,WEI Suqi. Development on the intelligent assembly technology based on the re-development of Solid Works[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2011,49(3):60-62.(in Chinese)
[33]叶秉良,刘安,俞高红,等.蔬菜钵苗移栽机取苗机构人机交互参数优化与试验[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(2):57-62.YE Bingliang,LIU An,YU Gaohong,et al. Parameters optimization with human-computer interaction method and experiment of vegetable seedling pick-up mechanism[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(2):57-62. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20130212&flag=1. DOI:10.6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2013. 02. 012.(in Chinese)
[34]张孝安.农业机械设计手册(下册)[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:902-906.
[2]毛新华,侯志松,徐君鹏.基于复杂产品智能化数字设计系统研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2010,52(8):100-101,104.MAO Xinhua,HOU Zhisong,XU Junpeng. Research on intelligent digital design system based on complex products[J].Modular Machine Tool&Automatic Manufacturing Technique,2010,52(8):100-101,104.(in Chinese)
[3]李西兴,郭顺生,杜百岗.纺织机械制造企业数字化智能化制造与管理平台设计与实现[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(3):672-685.LI Xixing,GUO Shunsheng,DU Baigang. Design and implementation of digital&intelligent management platform for textile machinery manufacturing enterprises[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(3):672-685.(in Chinese)
[4]陈威,郭书普.中国农业信息化技术发展现状及存在的问题[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(22):196-205.CHEN Wei,GUO Shupu. Development status and problems of agricultural information technology in China[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2013,29(22):196-205.(in Chinese)
[5] SHANG P. Design and implementation of intelligent agricultural system based on Zigbee[J]. Advances in Computer Science Research(ACSR),2017,61:1630-1634.
[6]郑建丽,刘平,张祝利.基于专家系统的舱室智能化设计在渔船上的应用[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(6):208-212.ZHENG Jianli,LIU Ping,ZHANG Zhuli. Application of intelligent design of cabin based on expert system on fishing vessels[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(6):208-212.(in Chinese)
[7]伍奎,李润方,刘景浩.智能化系统的知识表达与推理机制[J].机械工程学报,2005,41(5):98-103.WU Kui,LI Runfang,LIU Jinghao. Knowledge representation and reasoning mechanism of intelligent system[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2005,41(5):98-103.(in Chinese)
[8]刘宏新,贾儒,周兴宇,等.基于物元标识的人机交互式机械排种器虚拟装配[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(1):38-45.LIU Hongxin,JIA Ru,ZHOU Xingyu,et al. Virtual assembly of man-machine interactive mechanical seed-metering device based on matter-element identification[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(1):38-45.(in Chinese)
[9]罗锡文,廖娟,邹湘军,等.信息技术提升农业机械化水平[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(20):1-14.LUO Xiwen,LIAO Juan,ZOU Xiangjun,et al. Information technology improves the level of agricultural mechanization[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(20):1-14.(in Chinese)
[10]黎蔚,章志兵,柳玉起.基于CATIA的汽车零件多工位模具运动仿真系统[J].锻压技术,2017,42(6):126-131.LI Wei,ZHANG Zhibing,LIU Yuqi. Multi-station mold motion simulation system for automobile parts based on CATIA[J].Forging Technology,2017,42(6):126-131.(in Chinese)
[11]周仙娥.基于CATIA的数控机床加工仿真的研究与开发[D].沈阳:沈阳航空工业学院,2009.ZHOU Xian'e. CATIA secondary development and the movement simulator of NC machine based on it[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Industry,2009.(in Chinese)
[12]于成龙,李东升,李小强,等. VTL1000型数控蒙皮拉形机运动仿真系统[J].计算机集成制造系统,2012,18(1):87-92.YU Chenglong,LI Dongsheng,LI Xiaoqiang,et al. VTL1000 CNC skinning machine motion simulation system[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2012,18(1):87-92.(in Chinese)
[13]邓文红,李龙,蔡洪斌.三维虚拟机器人运动仿真系统设计[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(12):3820-3823.DENG Wenhong,LI Long,CAI Hongbin. Design and implement of 3D virtual robot kinematics simulation system[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(12):3820-3823.(in Chinese)
[14]韩志仁,胡烨,许增辉.汽车模具冲压运动仿真系统研究[J].机械设计制造,2013,51(4):183-185.HAN Zhiren,HU Ye,XU Zenghui. Research on simulation system based on stamping motion of automobile die[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013,51(4):183-185.(in Chinese)
[15]何妍.激光沉积制造工业机器人离线编程与仿真系统研究[D].沈阳:沈阳航空航天大学,2017.HE Yan. The research in off-line programming and simulation system of industrial robot in laser deposition manufacturing[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Aerospace University,2017.(in Chinese)
[16] SHYH-KUANG U,DAVID L,CHIEH-HONG L. A ship motion simulation system[J]. Virtual Reality,2008,12(1):65-76.
[17] WANG B,GUO B,SU Y,et al. Research on motion simulation system for underwater vehicle[C]∥Control and Decision Conference,2008.
[18] JAVIER A,JON A B. Stamping line optimization using genetic algorithms and virtual 3D line simulation[J]. Springer:Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2010,6076:319-326.
[19] ZHANG C,ZHU L,LIU X. Investigations on model-based simulation of tool wear with carbide tools in milling operation[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2013,64:1373-1385.
[20] MIAO Y,SONG X W,JIN T. Improving the efficiency of solid-based NC simulation by using spatial decomposition methods[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,87:421-435.
[21]刘宏新,贾儒,郭丽峰,等.数字模型全息标识体系与辅助标识方法研究[J/OL].农业机械学报,2018,49(9):414-426.LIU Hongxin,JIA Ru,GUO Lifeng,et al. Study on hierarchy of holographic identification and hechnology of auxiliary identification[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):414-426. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20180949&flag=1. DOI:10. 6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2018.09. 049.(in Chinese)
[22]贾儒.基于物元标识的虚拟装配技术研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2016.JIA Ru. Research on virtual assembly technology based on matter-element identification[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese)
[23]刘宏新,付露露,周兴宇,等.基于规则转换的机械式排种器系列与变异变型设计[J].东北农业大学学报,2015,46(11):77-85.LIU Hongxin,FU Lulu,ZHOU Xingyu,et al. Series and variation variant design of mechanical seed-metering device based on conversion of rule[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2015,46(11):77-85.(in Chinese)
[24]刘宏新,付露露,贾儒,等.大豆播种装备谱系模块聚类划分方法[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(19):43-50.LIU Hongxin,FU Lulu,JIA Ru,et al. Partition method for module clustering of soybean seeding equipment pedigree[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2016,32(19):43-50.(in Chinese)
[25]胡挺,吴立军. CATIA二次开发技术基础[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006:92-98.
[26] EMMETT R. VB scripting for CATIA V5:how to program CATIA V5 macros[M]. Charleston:Create Space,2012.
[27] DIETER R Z. CATIA V5 macro programming with visual basic script[M]. New York:The McGraw-Hill Companies,2012:1-3.
[28]蒋丽. CATIA软件二次开发基础技术[J].汽车工程师,2016,43(4):38-41.JIANG Li. CATIA software secondary development basic technology[J]. Automotive Engineer,2016,43(4):38-41.(in Chinese)
[29]范文庆,周彬彬,安靖.精通Windows API:函数、接口、编程实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2009:9-11.
[30]姚巍. Windows API函数在VB中的应用实例[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003:12.
[31]刘宏新,贾儒.运动仿真技术[M]. 3版.北京:机械工业出版社,2016.
[32]于洋,贺栋,魏苏麒.基于Solid Works二次开发的智能装配技术研究[J].机械设计与制造,2011,49(3):60-62.YU Yang,HE Dong,WEI Suqi. Development on the intelligent assembly technology based on the re-development of Solid Works[J]. Machinery Design&Manufacture,2011,49(3):60-62.(in Chinese)
[33]叶秉良,刘安,俞高红,等.蔬菜钵苗移栽机取苗机构人机交互参数优化与试验[J/OL].农业机械学报,2013,44(2):57-62.YE Bingliang,LIU An,YU Gaohong,et al. Parameters optimization with human-computer interaction method and experiment of vegetable seedling pick-up mechanism[J/OL]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(2):57-62. http:∥www. j-csam. org/jcsam/ch/reader/view_abstract. aspx? file_no=20130212&flag=1. DOI:10.6041/j. issn. 1000-1298. 2013. 02. 012.(in Chinese)
[34]张孝安.农业机械设计手册(下册)[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007:902-906.
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