基于熵权可拓模型的深大基坑施工风险评估
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摘要
随着人们对地下空间的不断开发、利用,深大基坑逐渐增多.深大基坑施工技术较为复杂,施工过程中存在的风险因素较多,一旦风险发生损失严重,因此,对深大基坑风险进行评估十分必要.首先,介绍深大基坑风险评估的主要方法及研究不足,通过文献研究及专家调查法识别深大基坑施工过程中存在的主要风险;其次,采用AHP确定评估指标主观权重,采用熵权法确定指标客观权重,根据最小熵原理将主客观权重进行组合,获得最终权重.基于该权重建立深大基坑施工风险评估可拓模型,模型综合考虑了风险发生的概率及带来的损失,将风险定级;最后,结合某地铁站深大基坑进行实例研究,得出深大基坑施工过程中风险等级为u4级,即风险较高的结论,并给出了一些合理建议.
With the continuous development and utilization of the underground space,the deep and large foundation pit is gradually increasing. The construction technology of deep and large foundation pit is rather complex. There are many risk factors in the process of construction. Once the risk occurs, the loss is serious, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of deep and large foundation pit. First, the main methods and research deficiencies of risk assessment for deep and large foundation pit are introduced. Through literature research and expert investigation, the main risks in the process of deep and large foundation pit construction are identified.Secondly, the subjective weight of evaluation index is determined by AHP. The objective weight of index is determined by entropy weight method. The weight of subjective and objective is combined according to the principle of minimum entropy weight, and the final weight is obtained. Based on this weight, a risk assessment extension model for deep and large foundation pit construction is established, which takes risk and probability of risk into account and determines the risk.Finally, a case study on a deep and large foundation pit of a subway station is carried out, and the conclusion is drawn that the risk level of the deep and large foundation pit construction is u_4 level, that is, the risk is high, and some reasonable suggestions are given.
With the continuous development and utilization of the underground space,the deep and large foundation pit is gradually increasing. The construction technology of deep and large foundation pit is rather complex. There are many risk factors in the process of construction. Once the risk occurs, the loss is serious, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of deep and large foundation pit. First, the main methods and research deficiencies of risk assessment for deep and large foundation pit are introduced. Through literature research and expert investigation, the main risks in the process of deep and large foundation pit construction are identified.Secondly, the subjective weight of evaluation index is determined by AHP. The objective weight of index is determined by entropy weight method. The weight of subjective and objective is combined according to the principle of minimum entropy weight, and the final weight is obtained. Based on this weight, a risk assessment extension model for deep and large foundation pit construction is established, which takes risk and probability of risk into account and determines the risk.Finally, a case study on a deep and large foundation pit of a subway station is carried out, and the conclusion is drawn that the risk level of the deep and large foundation pit construction is u_4 level, that is, the risk is high, and some reasonable suggestions are given.
引文
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[12]信桂新,杨朝现,杨庆媛等.用熵权法和改进TOPSIS模型评价高标准基本农田建设后效应[J].农业工程学报,2017, 33(1):238-249.
[13]曹未,蒲光杰.基于AHP-熵权的模糊物元模型在DSM效果综合评价中的运用[J].电力与能源,2015,36(5):617-623.
[2]沈尉.城市轨道交通枢纽站超深基坑的施工风险控制[J].上海交通大学学报,2012, 46(7):1168-1172.
[3]马仕.复杂环境条件下大型异形超深基坑施工风险分析及控制对策[J].建筑施工,2014, 36(7):779-781.
[4]刘波,王凯强,黄冕等.地铁深基坑工程风险模糊层次分析研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2015, 11(S1):257-264.
[5]光辉,高燕.高层建筑深基坑工程施工风险模糊评估研究[J].建筑技术,2017, 48(12):1271-1274.
[6]邓祥辉,徐甜,龚珍等.基于模糊层次分析法的地铁深基坑施工风险评估[J].数学的实践与认识,2017,47(13):136-142.
[7]潘海泽,贺建,陈梦捷等.基于突变级数法的地铁车站基坑施工风险研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(3):840-845.
[8]何亚伯,帅青燕.基于可拓理论的绿色建筑综合评价[J].建筑科学,2012, 28(12):90-93.
[9]任振.地铁车站深基坑施工风险耦合模型研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[10]郭健,钱劲斗,陈健等.地铁车站深基坑施工风险识别与评价[J].土木工程与管理学报,2017, 34(5):32-38.
[11]王先甲,张熠.基于AHP和DEA的非均一化灰色关联方法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011, 31(7):1222-1229.
[12]信桂新,杨朝现,杨庆媛等.用熵权法和改进TOPSIS模型评价高标准基本农田建设后效应[J].农业工程学报,2017, 33(1):238-249.
[13]曹未,蒲光杰.基于AHP-熵权的模糊物元模型在DSM效果综合评价中的运用[J].电力与能源,2015,36(5):617-623.