利用沙漠沙低温合成高长径比莫来石晶须
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摘要
利用沙漠沙独特的化学组成特性和矿物特性,将沙漠沙荒料作为硅源,工业Al(OH)3作为铝源制备莫来石晶须。改变硅源/铝源配比和合成温度,结合XRD、SEM、TEM研究莫来石生长环境和自由生长形态的变化。研究结果表明:当沙漠沙与Al(OH)3的质量比为35/65时,在1200℃的低温下就能获得平均值>60的高长径比莫来石晶须;随着煅烧温度的升高,莫来石晶须长径比不断增大,当温度升至1300℃,平均长径比>94。随着合成温度的升高,莫来石的形成经过了一次莫来石和二次莫来石化两个阶段;若配方中Al2O3处于过饱和状态,样品中刚玉相会随着煅烧温度的升高出现先增多后降低的变化现象。
Because of the unique chemical composition and mineral characteristics of desert sand,mullite whisker were prepared by using desert sand waste material as silicon source,industrial Al(OH)3 as aluminum source. The mass ratio of the silicon source to aluminum source and synthesized temperatures were discussed and status of mullite growth environment and its free growth morphology were studied by means of XRD,SEM and TEM. The results show that high aspect ratio mullite whiskers which is over 60 can be obtained when the mass ratio of desert sand to Al(OH)3 is 35/65 and synthesized temperature reaches 1200 ℃. The average aspect ratio is more than 94 when the synthesized temperature raised up to1300 ℃. The formation of mullite could experience primary and secondary mullitization processes with increase in the synthesized temperature. If the Al2 O3 content in the formula is in the supersaturated state,the corundum phase content in the samples will increase firstly but then decrease when the temperature keep rising.
Because of the unique chemical composition and mineral characteristics of desert sand,mullite whisker were prepared by using desert sand waste material as silicon source,industrial Al(OH)3 as aluminum source. The mass ratio of the silicon source to aluminum source and synthesized temperatures were discussed and status of mullite growth environment and its free growth morphology were studied by means of XRD,SEM and TEM. The results show that high aspect ratio mullite whiskers which is over 60 can be obtained when the mass ratio of desert sand to Al(OH)3 is 35/65 and synthesized temperature reaches 1200 ℃. The average aspect ratio is more than 94 when the synthesized temperature raised up to1300 ℃. The formation of mullite could experience primary and secondary mullitization processes with increase in the synthesized temperature. If the Al2 O3 content in the formula is in the supersaturated state,the corundum phase content in the samples will increase firstly but then decrease when the temperature keep rising.
引文
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[23]Katsuki H,Furuta S,Ichinose H,et al.Preparation and some properties of porous ceramic sheets composed of needle-like mullite[J].Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan.,2010,96(1119):1081-1086.
[2]孔德强,袁运法,白召军,等.溶胶凝胶法合成莫来石纳米带[J].无机化学学报,2006,22(2):359-362.
[3]耿海涛.红柱石制备莫来石晶须的研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2012.
[4]Cemail Aksel.The effect of mullite on the mechanical properties and thermal shock behaviour of alumina-mullite refractory materials[J].Ceramics International,2003,29(2):183-188.
[5]董童霖.莫来石轻质耐火材料的制备[D].武汉:武汉科技大学,2009.
[6]霍冀川.原位生长莫来石/磷酸铬铝复相陶瓷烧结工艺研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学,2015.
[7]Gaida Sedmalea,Ints Steinsb,Ilmars Zaliteb,et al.Microstructure and properties of mullite-Zr O2ceramics with silicon nitride additive prepared by spark plasma sintering[J].Ceramics International,2016,42(3):3745-3750.
[8]杨悦奉,胡太娟,刘翠杰.利用长江入海余水助推沙漠全部绿化[J].中华建设,2014,(11):59-61.
[9]荣敏,顾幸勇,董伟霞,等.黄沙制备堇青石质低膨胀陶瓷材料中铝矾土量的影响[J].中国陶瓷,2016,(1):81-84.
[10]温晓庆.黄沙制备高石英质红外瓷质仿古砖工艺试验研究[D].景德镇:景德镇陶瓷学院,2013.
[11]刘娟红,靳冬民,包文忠,等.沙漠砂混凝土性能试验研究[J].建筑装饰材料世界,2013,(9):66-68.
[12]宋旭辉,侯文虎.利用沙漠细砂生产泡沫混凝土的研究[J].混凝土,2007,(12):55-57.
[13]李志强,杨森,王国庆.古尔班通古特沙漠砂混凝土配合比试验研究[J].混凝土,2016,(9):92-96+99.
[14]付杰,杨登,刘海峰,等.粉煤灰掺量和沙漠砂替代率对高强沙漠砂混凝土力学性能影响[J].科学技术与工程,2015(9):230-234.
[15]汪珂.利用沙漠砂制备太阳能蓄热材料的研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011.
[16]Warerkar S,Schmitz S,G9ttsehe.Air-Sand Heat exchanger for solar tower Power Stations[C].Second International Renewable Energy Storage Conference(IRESII),Bomi,Germany,November 2007.
[17]Radwan M,Miyamoto Y.Synthesis of Si2N2O Powder from Desert Sand by Nitriding Combustion Method[J].Key Engineering Materials.,2003,4(237):111-116.
[18]陈义胜,杨燕,魏毅立,等.沙漠太阳能热风发电技术及其应用[J].能源研究与信息,2010,26(2):117-121.
[19]吕德生,邢海峰,王振华,等.煤矸石、沙漠砂和粘土烧结砖强度的影响因素[J].兰州理工大学学报,2015,41(5):142-147.
[20]王萍,李国昌.沙漠沙透水砖的制备及性能研究[J].2010,33(5):61-66.
[21]Park Y M,Yoon S Y,Stevens R,etal.Mullite whiskers derived from coal fly ash[J].Materials Science&Engineering A.,2007,s454-455(16):518-522.
[22]Perera D S,Allot G.Mullite morphology in fired kaolinite/halloysite clays[J].Journal of Materials Science Letters.,1985,4(10):1270-1272.
[23]Katsuki H,Furuta S,Ichinose H,et al.Preparation and some properties of porous ceramic sheets composed of needle-like mullite[J].Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan.,2010,96(1119):1081-1086.