东北三省人口空间分布研究
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摘要
为了解东北三省2013年—2017年5年之间人口空间变化的动态特征,利用黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省地级市人口普查数据,借助Arc GIS、Geo Da空间分析功能,结合地统计学方法,对其人口时空分布进行研究分析。利用数据趋势分析等方法对人口密度数据进行正态分布探索分析,以便获取数据分布的信息,基于莫兰指数对东北三省人口密度进行自相关分析。结果表明,近5年间人口密度的空间分布经对数变换后,基本符合正态分布且空间自相关性较强;人口密度自北向南呈现逐渐增加的趋势,表明人口集中在辽宁省附近;利用自然间断点法对2013年和2017年各城市人口密度分区,近5年来,东北三省的人口密度十分不均匀,人们在向发达城市转移,人口密度自南向北急剧减少;通过对东北三省人口莫兰散点图和Lisa聚集图分析显示,地处平原内地人口密集,山地边境人口稀疏,城镇人口分布不平衡,并且各种因素导致了负增长的情况,揭示了东北三省人口分布的空间规律。
In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of population spatial changes between the three provinces of Northeast China from 2013 to 2017,the census data of Heilongjiang Province,Jilin Province and Liaoning Province were used to analyze the functions of ArcGIS and GeoDa space,combined with geostatistics. To study and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of its population. Data trend analysis and other methods are used to analyze the normal distribution of population density data in order to obtain the information of data distribution. Based on the Moran index,the autocorrelation analysis is carried out on the population density of the three northeastern provinces. The results show that the spatial distribution of population density in the past five years has basically followed the normal distribution and the spatial autocorrelation after logarithmic transformation; the population density trend has gradually increased from north to south, indicating that the population is concentrated in the vicinity of Liaoning Province; The natural discontinuity method divides the population density of each city in 2013 and 2017. In the past five years,the population density of the three northeastern provinces has been very uneven,the people are moving to developed cities,and the population density has decreased sharply from south to north. The analysis of the Moran scatter plot and the Lisa cluster map of the three provinces shows that the population in the plain is densely populated,the border population is sparse,the urban population is unevenly distributed,and various factors have led to negative growth,revealing the space for population distribution in Heilongjiang Province.
In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of population spatial changes between the three provinces of Northeast China from 2013 to 2017,the census data of Heilongjiang Province,Jilin Province and Liaoning Province were used to analyze the functions of ArcGIS and GeoDa space,combined with geostatistics. To study and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of its population. Data trend analysis and other methods are used to analyze the normal distribution of population density data in order to obtain the information of data distribution. Based on the Moran index,the autocorrelation analysis is carried out on the population density of the three northeastern provinces. The results show that the spatial distribution of population density in the past five years has basically followed the normal distribution and the spatial autocorrelation after logarithmic transformation; the population density trend has gradually increased from north to south, indicating that the population is concentrated in the vicinity of Liaoning Province; The natural discontinuity method divides the population density of each city in 2013 and 2017. In the past five years,the population density of the three northeastern provinces has been very uneven,the people are moving to developed cities,and the population density has decreased sharply from south to north. The analysis of the Moran scatter plot and the Lisa cluster map of the three provinces shows that the population in the plain is densely populated,the border population is sparse,the urban population is unevenly distributed,and various factors have led to negative growth,revealing the space for population distribution in Heilongjiang Province.
引文
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