基于时序InSAR的京津高铁北京段地面沉降监测
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摘要
京津高铁是中国第一条高速运行的城际铁路,其安全运行对轨道的平顺性有着严格的要求。地面沉降,尤其是不均匀地面沉降会引起部分路基和桥梁变形,威胁着高速铁路的运营安全。合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术可以大范围监测地表形变,对高速铁路沿线地面沉降具有较好的监测能力。本文以45景高分辨率Terra SAR-X数据为基础,采用PS-In SAR技术监测京津高铁北京段沿线地面沉降,获取京津高铁北京段沿线地面沉降的分布信息,从动静载荷视角结合北京地区地下水、断裂带、地质条件和含水层系统介质等数据,综合分析高铁沿线不均匀地面沉降的原因,为京津高铁的安全运营提供技术支撑。研究结果表明:京津高铁北京段沿线地面沉降发展在空间上存在一定差异性,北京南站至十里河区间,年沉降速率小于10 mm/a;至十八里店区间,年沉降速率在10~40 mm/a范围内浮动;过亦庄站至东石村以东区间,最大年沉降速率达到90 mm/a;至永隆村以西,年沉降有所缓解,往东至坨堤村,沉降较为稳定,年沉降速率小于10 mm/a。地下水超采是沿线区域地面沉降的主要因素,动静载荷共同作用下对地面沉降产生一定的影响,沿线地面沉降一定程度上受到南苑—通县断裂带和旧宫断裂带构造控制,沉降量较大的路段位于粘土层较厚的大兴迭隆起。
The Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway is the first high-speed railway in China.The stability of the geological environment is crucial for the safe operation of the high-speed railway.Land subsidence especially uneven subsidence will probably cause the deformation of the roadbed and bridge,which may affect the safety of high-speed railway operation.Therefore,it has very important significance for land subsidence monitoring along the high-speed railway.Interferometric synthetic aperture radar(In SAR) is an effective way for monitoring land subsidence with high precision.Based on 45 high-resolution Terra SAR-X images acquired from 2010 to 2015,the Permanent Scatter Interferometry(PS-In SAR) is empolyed to obtain land subsidence information along Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway in Beijing section.The results indicate that there exist different spatial distributions of the land subsidence along the high-speed railway,the annual subsidence rate from Beijing south railway station to Shilihe interval is less than 10 mm/a,and from Shilihe to Shibalidian interval the annual subsidence rate ranges from 10 to 40 mm/a.And the maximum annual subsidence rate reaches 90 mm/a from Yizhuang station to the east interval.The comprehensive analysis of static-dynamic loadings and hydrogeological data can help to understand the causes of land subsidence along high-speed railway.Overexploitation of groundwater is the main factor of land subsidence in the study area,and the combination of dynamic and static loadings have certain influence on land subsidence.To some extent,the land subsidence along the high-speed railway is controlled by the Nanyuan-Tongzhou fault and the Jiugong fault,and most parts of the land subsidence are located in the Daxing uplifted belt with thick clay layer.
The Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway is the first high-speed railway in China.The stability of the geological environment is crucial for the safe operation of the high-speed railway.Land subsidence especially uneven subsidence will probably cause the deformation of the roadbed and bridge,which may affect the safety of high-speed railway operation.Therefore,it has very important significance for land subsidence monitoring along the high-speed railway.Interferometric synthetic aperture radar(In SAR) is an effective way for monitoring land subsidence with high precision.Based on 45 high-resolution Terra SAR-X images acquired from 2010 to 2015,the Permanent Scatter Interferometry(PS-In SAR) is empolyed to obtain land subsidence information along Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway in Beijing section.The results indicate that there exist different spatial distributions of the land subsidence along the high-speed railway,the annual subsidence rate from Beijing south railway station to Shilihe interval is less than 10 mm/a,and from Shilihe to Shibalidian interval the annual subsidence rate ranges from 10 to 40 mm/a.And the maximum annual subsidence rate reaches 90 mm/a from Yizhuang station to the east interval.The comprehensive analysis of static-dynamic loadings and hydrogeological data can help to understand the causes of land subsidence along high-speed railway.Overexploitation of groundwater is the main factor of land subsidence in the study area,and the combination of dynamic and static loadings have certain influence on land subsidence.To some extent,the land subsidence along the high-speed railway is controlled by the Nanyuan-Tongzhou fault and the Jiugong fault,and most parts of the land subsidence are located in the Daxing uplifted belt with thick clay layer.
引文
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[7]刘媛媛.基于多源SAR数据的时间序列In SAR地表形变监测研究[D].西安:长安大学,2014.[Liu Y Y.Monitoring of surface deformation with time-series of In SAR technique based on multi-source SAR data[D].Xi′an:Chang’an University,2014.]
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[10]雷坤超.临轨SAR干涉测量基准转换及数据融合技术应用于地面沉降研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2011.[Lei K C.Interference measurement datum transformation and data fusion technology applied in the study of land subsidence[D].Beijing:Capital Normal University,2011.]
[11]赵远方,汤高飞,鲁大尉.基于PS-In SAR的京津城际铁路地面沉降监测研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2013,36(12):229-232.[Zhao Y F,Tang G F,Lu D W.The subsidence monitoring study of Beijing:Tianjin intercity railway based on PS-In SAR[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2013,36(12):229-232.]
[12]朱锋,宫辉力,李小娟,等.基In SAR和小波变换的不均匀沉降段识别——以京津高铁北京段为例[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(1):23-27.[Zhu F,Gong H L,Li X J.Identification of uneven land subsidence segment based on the In SAR and wavelet transformation:A case study of Beijing section of Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2014,30(1):23-27.]
[13]Liu H H,Zhang Y Q,Wang R,et al.Monitoring and analysis of land subsidence along the Beijing-Tianjin highspeed railway(Beijing section)[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics-Chinese Edition,2016,59(7):2424-2432.
[14]黄雅虹,吕悦军,周毅,等.北京亦庄轻轨工程场地水位下降引起地面沉降量的评估方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8):2457-2462.[Huang Y H,Lv Y J,Zhou Y,et al.A method for estimating land subsidence induced by groundwater extraction and its application to site evaluation of Yizhuang light railway in Beijing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(8):2457-2462.]
[15]王帅雁.京沪高铁DK119_DK123段地面沉降与地下水水位变化关系研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2011.[Wang S Y.The correlation between land subsidence and groundwater level variation from DKll 9 to DKl23 along BSHR[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University,2011.]
[16]Heleno S I N,Oliveira L G S,Henriques M J,et al.Persistent Scatterers Interferometry detects and measures ground subsidence in Lisbon[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(8):2152-2167.
[17]贾洪果,刘国祥,于冰.基于超短基线PSIn SAR的道路网沉降监测[J].测绘通报,2012(5):24-28.[Jia H G,Liu G X,Yu B.Monitoring subsidence along road network by ultrashort baseline PSIn SAR[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2012,5:24-28.]
[18]刘超.西安地铁二号线南段地面沉降成因分析[D].西安:长安大学,2012.[Liu C.The analysis of the cause of land subsidence in south section of Xi’an Metro Line 2[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2012.]
[19]Perissin D,Wang Z Y,Lin H.Shanghai subway tunnels and highways monitoring through Cosmo-Sky Med Persistent Scatterers[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,73:58-67.
[20]Chen F L,Lin H,Zhou W,et al.Surface deformation detected by ALOS PALSAR small baseline SAR interferometry over permafrost environment of Beiluhe section,Tibet Plateau,China[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2013,138(2):10-18.
[21]蒋亚楠,杨梦诗,廖明生,等.应用时间序列In SAR技术监测上海磁悬浮列车专线形变[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(4):17-20.[Jiang Y N,Yang M S,Liao M S,et al.Deformation monitoring of the Shanghai Maglev system based on the time-series analysis of In SAR data[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(4):17-20.]
[22]舒宁.雷达影像干涉测量原理[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003.[Shu N.Radar image interference measurement principle[M].Wuhan:Wuhan university press,2003.]
[23]刘国祥,陈强,罗小军,等.永久散射体雷达干涉理论与方法[M].北京:科技出版社,2012.[Liu G X,Chen Q,Luo X J,et al.Theory and method of permanent scattering radar interference theory[M].Beijing:Science and technology press,2012.]
[24]王超,张红,刘智.星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:33-42.[Wang C,Zhang H,et al.Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002:33-42.
[25]刘国祥.In SAR基本原理[J].四川测绘,2004,27(4):187-190.[Liu G X.Basic principle of In SAR[J].Sichuan province survey and mapping,2004,27(4):187-190.]
[26]Perissin D,Wang Z,et al.The SARPROZ In SAR tool for urban subsidence/manmade structure stability monitoring in China[C].Proceedings of 34thInternational Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment,2011:10-15.
[27]侯长兵.区域地面沉降对桥梁桩基的影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.[Hou C B.The influence of regional ground subsidence on bridge pile foundation[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.]
[28]谭成轩,丰成君,张鹏,等北京地区主要活动断裂研究与地壳稳定性评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2014.[Tan C X,Feng C J,Zhang P,et al.Major active fracture research and regional crustal stability assessment in Beijing municipality[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2014.]
[29]Chen M,Tomás R,et al.Imaging Land Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Extraction in Beijing(China)Using Satellite Radar Interferometry[J].Remote Sensing,2016,8(6):468.
[30]北京市地质矿产勘查开发局.北京地下水[M].北京:中国地大出版社,2008.[Beijing geological mineral exploration and development bureau.Beijing groundwater[M].Beijing:China geological university press,2008.]
[31]南天,李鹏,李星宇,等.大兴迭隆起隐伏岩溶水资源评价及开采方案预测[J].中国岩溶.2014,33(2):156-166.[Nan T,Li P,Li X Y,et al.The covered karst water resource evaluation and mining plan prediction in Daxing overlapping uplift area[J].Carsologica Sinica,2014,33(2):156-166.]
[32]杨勇,郑凡东,刘立才,等.北京平原区地下水水位与地面沉降关系研究[J].工程勘察,2013,41(8):44-48.[Yang Y,Zheng F D,Liu L C,et al.Study on the correlation between groundwater level and ground subsidence in Beijing plain areas[J].Journal of Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2013,41(8):44-48.]
[2]王寒梅.上海市地面沉降风险评价体系及风险管理研究[D].上海:上海大学,2013.[Wang H M.Shanghai ground settlement risk assessment system and risk management research[D].Shanghai:Shanghai University,2013.]
[3]薛禹群,张云,叶淑君,等.中国地面沉降及其需要解决的几个问题[J].第四纪研究,2003(6):585-593.[Xue Y Q,Zhang Y,Ye S J,et al.Land subsidence in China and it’s problems[J].Quaternary research,2003,6:585-593.]
[4]郑铣鑫,武强,侯艳声,等.关于城市地面沉降研究的几个前沿问题[J].地球学报,2002,23(3):279-282.[Zheng X X,Wu Q,Hou Y S,et al.Some frontier problems on land subsidence research[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2002,23(3):279-282.]
[5]李应南,常玉林.关于如何发展我国城市智能化公共交通的若干建议[J].交通信息与安全,2008,26(4):173-176.[Li Y N,Chang Y L.Some suggestions about how to develop urban intelligent public transport[J].Journal of Transport Information and Safety,2008,26(4):173-176.]
[6]祁彪,杨立中,贺玉龙.地面沉降对京津城际铁路影响初析[J].西部探矿工程,2010(7):187-188.[Qi B,Yang L Z,He Y L.The analysis of the influence about ground subsidence to Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010,7:187-188.]
[7]刘媛媛.基于多源SAR数据的时间序列In SAR地表形变监测研究[D].西安:长安大学,2014.[Liu Y Y.Monitoring of surface deformation with time-series of In SAR technique based on multi-source SAR data[D].Xi′an:Chang’an University,2014.]
[8]Ge D,Wang Y,Zhang L,et al.Using permanent scatterer insar to monitor land subsidence along high speed railway-the first experiment in china[J].Proceedings of Fringe,2009:1-4.
[9]李英会.基于时间序列高分辨率SAR影像的地表形变监测技术研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2012.[Li Y H.Ground deformation monitoring technique based on time-series of high resolution of SAR images[D].Fuxin:Liaoning university of engineering and technology,2012.]
[10]雷坤超.临轨SAR干涉测量基准转换及数据融合技术应用于地面沉降研究[D].北京:首都师范大学,2011.[Lei K C.Interference measurement datum transformation and data fusion technology applied in the study of land subsidence[D].Beijing:Capital Normal University,2011.]
[11]赵远方,汤高飞,鲁大尉.基于PS-In SAR的京津城际铁路地面沉降监测研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2013,36(12):229-232.[Zhao Y F,Tang G F,Lu D W.The subsidence monitoring study of Beijing:Tianjin intercity railway based on PS-In SAR[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2013,36(12):229-232.]
[12]朱锋,宫辉力,李小娟,等.基In SAR和小波变换的不均匀沉降段识别——以京津高铁北京段为例[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014,30(1):23-27.[Zhu F,Gong H L,Li X J.Identification of uneven land subsidence segment based on the In SAR and wavelet transformation:A case study of Beijing section of Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2014,30(1):23-27.]
[13]Liu H H,Zhang Y Q,Wang R,et al.Monitoring and analysis of land subsidence along the Beijing-Tianjin highspeed railway(Beijing section)[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics-Chinese Edition,2016,59(7):2424-2432.
[14]黄雅虹,吕悦军,周毅,等.北京亦庄轻轨工程场地水位下降引起地面沉降量的评估方法探讨[J].岩土力学,2009,30(8):2457-2462.[Huang Y H,Lv Y J,Zhou Y,et al.A method for estimating land subsidence induced by groundwater extraction and its application to site evaluation of Yizhuang light railway in Beijing[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(8):2457-2462.]
[15]王帅雁.京沪高铁DK119_DK123段地面沉降与地下水水位变化关系研究[D].西安:西安交通大学,2011.[Wang S Y.The correlation between land subsidence and groundwater level variation from DKll 9 to DKl23 along BSHR[D].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University,2011.]
[16]Heleno S I N,Oliveira L G S,Henriques M J,et al.Persistent Scatterers Interferometry detects and measures ground subsidence in Lisbon[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(8):2152-2167.
[17]贾洪果,刘国祥,于冰.基于超短基线PSIn SAR的道路网沉降监测[J].测绘通报,2012(5):24-28.[Jia H G,Liu G X,Yu B.Monitoring subsidence along road network by ultrashort baseline PSIn SAR[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2012,5:24-28.]
[18]刘超.西安地铁二号线南段地面沉降成因分析[D].西安:长安大学,2012.[Liu C.The analysis of the cause of land subsidence in south section of Xi’an Metro Line 2[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2012.]
[19]Perissin D,Wang Z Y,Lin H.Shanghai subway tunnels and highways monitoring through Cosmo-Sky Med Persistent Scatterers[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,73:58-67.
[20]Chen F L,Lin H,Zhou W,et al.Surface deformation detected by ALOS PALSAR small baseline SAR interferometry over permafrost environment of Beiluhe section,Tibet Plateau,China[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2013,138(2):10-18.
[21]蒋亚楠,杨梦诗,廖明生,等.应用时间序列In SAR技术监测上海磁悬浮列车专线形变[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(4):17-20.[Jiang Y N,Yang M S,Liao M S,et al.Deformation monitoring of the Shanghai Maglev system based on the time-series analysis of In SAR data[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(4):17-20.]
[22]舒宁.雷达影像干涉测量原理[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003.[Shu N.Radar image interference measurement principle[M].Wuhan:Wuhan university press,2003.]
[23]刘国祥,陈强,罗小军,等.永久散射体雷达干涉理论与方法[M].北京:科技出版社,2012.[Liu G X,Chen Q,Luo X J,et al.Theory and method of permanent scattering radar interference theory[M].Beijing:Science and technology press,2012.]
[24]王超,张红,刘智.星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:33-42.[Wang C,Zhang H,et al.Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002:33-42.
[25]刘国祥.In SAR基本原理[J].四川测绘,2004,27(4):187-190.[Liu G X.Basic principle of In SAR[J].Sichuan province survey and mapping,2004,27(4):187-190.]
[26]Perissin D,Wang Z,et al.The SARPROZ In SAR tool for urban subsidence/manmade structure stability monitoring in China[C].Proceedings of 34thInternational Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment,2011:10-15.
[27]侯长兵.区域地面沉降对桥梁桩基的影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2011.[Hou C B.The influence of regional ground subsidence on bridge pile foundation[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2011.]
[28]谭成轩,丰成君,张鹏,等北京地区主要活动断裂研究与地壳稳定性评价[M].北京:地质出版社,2014.[Tan C X,Feng C J,Zhang P,et al.Major active fracture research and regional crustal stability assessment in Beijing municipality[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2014.]
[29]Chen M,Tomás R,et al.Imaging Land Subsidence Induced by Groundwater Extraction in Beijing(China)Using Satellite Radar Interferometry[J].Remote Sensing,2016,8(6):468.
[30]北京市地质矿产勘查开发局.北京地下水[M].北京:中国地大出版社,2008.[Beijing geological mineral exploration and development bureau.Beijing groundwater[M].Beijing:China geological university press,2008.]
[31]南天,李鹏,李星宇,等.大兴迭隆起隐伏岩溶水资源评价及开采方案预测[J].中国岩溶.2014,33(2):156-166.[Nan T,Li P,Li X Y,et al.The covered karst water resource evaluation and mining plan prediction in Daxing overlapping uplift area[J].Carsologica Sinica,2014,33(2):156-166.]
[32]杨勇,郑凡东,刘立才,等.北京平原区地下水水位与地面沉降关系研究[J].工程勘察,2013,41(8):44-48.[Yang Y,Zheng F D,Liu L C,et al.Study on the correlation between groundwater level and ground subsidence in Beijing plain areas[J].Journal of Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2013,41(8):44-48.]