深部高应力穿层巷道变形机制及支护技术研究
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摘要
针对深部高应力穿层巷道围岩变形控制难题,采用理论分析和数值计算等方法,研究穿层巷道围岩变形破坏机制及支护技术。研究结果表明:1)穿层巷道变形破坏具有不均匀性、非对称性和支护体与围岩的不耦合性,巷道以剪切变形破坏为主,拉伸破坏较少,且拉伸破坏主要集中在巷道浅部围岩。2)穿层巷道处于单一软岩时,巷道变形破坏严重,稳定性差,穿层巷道塑性破坏区主要分布在软岩中,塑性破坏区域沿着交界面增加。3)建立穿层巷道稳定性分析模型,确定不同工况下穿层巷道稳定性等级,提出穿层巷道分区联合支护方案,有效控制巷道变形破坏,提高了穿层巷道的整体稳定性。
In order to solve the deformation-control issues of deep cross-measure roadway under high stress, the deformation failure mechanism and support technology of cross-measure roadway were investigated through adopting theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Results show that:1) the unevenness, asymmetry and the uncoupling between support object and surrounding rock are found in the roadway deformation and failure process. Meanwhile, the roadway failure is mainly caused by shear deformation, while the tensile failure is less. Furthermore, the tensile failure mainly occurs in the shallow surrounding rock of cross-measure roadway. 2) The cross-measure roadway always intensely deforms and possesses poor stability in single soft rock. The plastic failure areas are mainly distributed in soft rock, and the plastic failure areas increase along the interface. 3) The stability analysis model of cross-measure roadway is established to determine the stability level of roadway under different working conditions. Finally, the district combined support scheme of cross-measure roadway is proposed, which is effective to control deformation and damage of roadway and effectively improve the roadway stability.
In order to solve the deformation-control issues of deep cross-measure roadway under high stress, the deformation failure mechanism and support technology of cross-measure roadway were investigated through adopting theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Results show that:1) the unevenness, asymmetry and the uncoupling between support object and surrounding rock are found in the roadway deformation and failure process. Meanwhile, the roadway failure is mainly caused by shear deformation, while the tensile failure is less. Furthermore, the tensile failure mainly occurs in the shallow surrounding rock of cross-measure roadway. 2) The cross-measure roadway always intensely deforms and possesses poor stability in single soft rock. The plastic failure areas are mainly distributed in soft rock, and the plastic failure areas increase along the interface. 3) The stability analysis model of cross-measure roadway is established to determine the stability level of roadway under different working conditions. Finally, the district combined support scheme of cross-measure roadway is proposed, which is effective to control deformation and damage of roadway and effectively improve the roadway stability.
引文
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[14]张召千,徐明德,刘泉声.煤巷围岩稳定性加权平均评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3464-3468.ZHANG Zhaoqian,XU Mingde,LIU Quansheng.The research on the methodology of weighted average evaluation for surrounding rock stability of tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3464-3468.
[15]李桂臣,张农,曹朋,等.含软弱夹层顶板巷道安全状况可拓评价模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):24-30.LI Guichen,ZHANG Nong,CAO Peng,et al.An extension model for safety assessment of roadways with a weak interlayer roof[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,42(1):24-30.
[16]许振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于层次分析法的岩溶隧道突水突泥风险评估[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1757-1766.XU Zhenhao,LI Shucai,LI Liping,et al.Risk assessment of water or mud inrush of karst tunnels based on analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(6):1757-1766.
[17]赵延喜,徐卫亚.基于AHP和模糊综合评判的TBM施工风险评估[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):793-798.ZHAO Yanxi,XU Weiya.Risk assessment of TBMconstruction for tunnels based on AHP and fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):793-798.
[18]骆正清,杨善林.层次分析法中几种标度的比较[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004(9):51-60.LUO Zhengqing,YANG Shanlin.Comparative study on several scales in AHP[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2004(9):51-60.
[19]王连国,缪协兴,董健涛,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):983-985.WANG Lianguo,MIAO Xiexing,DONG Jiantao,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting support in deep soft roadway[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):983-985.
[2]袁亮,薛俊华,刘泉声,等.煤矿深部岩巷围岩控制理论与支护技术[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(4):535-543.YUAN Liang,XUE Junhua,LIU Quansheng,et al.Surrounding rock stability control theory and support technique in deep rock roadway for coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(4):535-543.
[3]PAN Rui,WANG Qi,JIANG Bei,et al.Failure of bolt support and experimental study on the parameters of bolt-grouting for supporting the roadways in deep coal seam[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2017,80:218-233.
[4]WANG Qi,RAN Rui,JIANG Bei,et al.Study on failure mechanism of roadway with soft rock in deep coal mine and confined concrete support system[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2017,81:155-177.
[5]王雷,王琦,李术才,等.软岩巷道掘进期间微震活动特征及稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(1):10-18.WANG Lei,WANG Qi,LI Shucai,et al.Stability analysis and characteristic of seismic activity during roadway development in soft rock[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2018,35(1):10-18.
[6]王襄禹,柏建彪,王猛.弱面影响下深部倾斜岩层巷道非均称失稳机制与控制技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):544-551.WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Meng.Study on asymmetric instability mechanism and control technology for roadway in deep inclined rock strata with weak plane[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):544-551.
[7]孙晓明,张国锋,蔡峰,等.深部倾斜岩层巷道非对称变形机制及控制对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1137-1143.SUN Xiaoming,ZHANG Guofeng,CAI Feng,et al.Asymmetric deformation mechanism within inclined rock strata induced by excavation in deep roadway and its controlling countermeasures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(6):1137-1143.
[8]王炯,郭志彪,蔡峰,等.深部穿层巷道非对称变形机理及控制对策研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(1):28-33.WANG Jiong,GUO Zhibiao,CAI Feng,et al.Study on the asymmetric deformation mechanism and control countermeasures of deep layers roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(1):28-33.
[9]郝育喜,王炯,王浩,等.深井断层破碎带穿层软岩巷道锚网索耦合控制对策[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(2):231-237.HAO Yuxi,WANG Jiong,WANG Hao,et al.Coupled bolt-mesh-anchor supporting technology for deep fault fracture zones throughout layers soft rock roadway[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(2):231-237.
[10]杨帆,陈卫忠,郑朋强,等.急倾斜软硬互层巷道变形破坏机制及支护技术研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(8):2367-2374.YANG Fan,CHEN Weizhong,ZHENG Pengqiang,et al.Research on mechanism of deformation and failure for steeply incline roadways in soft-hard alternant strata and its support technology[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,35(8):2367-2374.
[11]张农,李宝玉,李桂臣,等.薄层状煤岩体中巷道的不均匀破坏及封闭支护[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(1):1-6.ZHANG Nong,LI Baoyu,LI Guichen,et al.Inhomogeneous damage and sealing support of roadways through thin bedded coal-rock crossovers[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(1):1-6.
[12]张农,李桂臣,许兴亮.顶板软弱夹层渗水泥化对巷道稳定性的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2009,38(6):757-763.ZHANG Nong,LI Guichen,XU Xingliang.Argillation of a roof weak interlayer due to water seepage and its influence on roadway stability[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2009,38(6):757-763.
[13]杨建平,陈卫忠,郑希红,等.含软弱夹层深部软岩巷道稳定性研究[J].岩土力学,2011,29(10):2864-2870.YANG Jianping,CHEN Weizhong,ZHENG Xihong,et al.Stability study of deep soft rock roadways with weak intercalated layers[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,29(10):2864-2870.
[14]张召千,徐明德,刘泉声.煤巷围岩稳定性加权平均评价方法研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(11):3464-3468.ZHANG Zhaoqian,XU Mingde,LIU Quansheng.The research on the methodology of weighted average evaluation for surrounding rock stability of tunnel[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(11):3464-3468.
[15]李桂臣,张农,曹朋,等.含软弱夹层顶板巷道安全状况可拓评价模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2013,42(1):24-30.LI Guichen,ZHANG Nong,CAO Peng,et al.An extension model for safety assessment of roadways with a weak interlayer roof[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2013,42(1):24-30.
[16]许振浩,李术才,李利平,等.基于层次分析法的岩溶隧道突水突泥风险评估[J].岩土力学,2011,32(6):1757-1766.XU Zhenhao,LI Shucai,LI Liping,et al.Risk assessment of water or mud inrush of karst tunnels based on analytic hierarchy process[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(6):1757-1766.
[17]赵延喜,徐卫亚.基于AHP和模糊综合评判的TBM施工风险评估[J].岩土力学,2009,30(3):793-798.ZHAO Yanxi,XU Weiya.Risk assessment of TBMconstruction for tunnels based on AHP and fuzzy synthetic evaluation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(3):793-798.
[18]骆正清,杨善林.层次分析法中几种标度的比较[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004(9):51-60.LUO Zhengqing,YANG Shanlin.Comparative study on several scales in AHP[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2004(9):51-60.
[19]王连国,缪协兴,董健涛,等.深部软岩巷道锚注支护数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(6):983-985.WANG Lianguo,MIAO Xiexing,DONG Jiantao,et al.Numerical simulation research of bolt-grouting support in deep soft roadway[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(6):983-985.