强震区隧道洞口软硬岩交接段围岩注浆抗震措施效果分析
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摘要
为提高强震区隧道洞口软硬围岩交接段的地震安全性,本文依托老鹰窝隧道工程洞口段,利用有限差分计算软件FLAC~(3D)进行三维动力响应分析,对全环接触注浆、全环间隔注浆两种围岩注浆抗震措施作用效果进行了对比研究。研究表明:(1)两种注浆方式均能有效减小隧道二衬结构的动力响应内力,改善隧道结构的受力特性,从而提高隧道整体的抗震性能;(2)地震荷载作用下,软岩隧道动力响应强于硬岩,且离软硬围岩交界面越近,响应越大;(3)从减小衬砌结构响应内力的角度来说,全环间隔注浆抗震性能优于全环接触注浆。研究成果可为强震区隧道洞口段抗震设防设计提供参考。
To improve the seismic safety of tunnel portal with soft and hard rock transition section,dynamic response of Laoyingwo tunnel portal section is simulated by FLAC~(3D). Based on A comparative study on the seismic effect of two kinds of surrounding rock grouting measures is carried out,including the full circle contact grouting and full annular interval grouting. The results show that:( 1) Both two methods can effectively reduce internal force of secondary lining and improve the stress characteristics of lining structure which will enhance the overall seismic performance of the tunnel;( 2) Dynamic response in soft rock tunnel is stronger than that of the hard rock and the closer to the interface,the stronger the response is;( 3) The full annular interval grouting performs better than the full contact grouting in terms of reducing the structural internal forces. The research results can provide reference for seismic design of tunnel portal section.
To improve the seismic safety of tunnel portal with soft and hard rock transition section,dynamic response of Laoyingwo tunnel portal section is simulated by FLAC~(3D). Based on A comparative study on the seismic effect of two kinds of surrounding rock grouting measures is carried out,including the full circle contact grouting and full annular interval grouting. The results show that:( 1) Both two methods can effectively reduce internal force of secondary lining and improve the stress characteristics of lining structure which will enhance the overall seismic performance of the tunnel;( 2) Dynamic response in soft rock tunnel is stronger than that of the hard rock and the closer to the interface,the stronger the response is;( 3) The full annular interval grouting performs better than the full contact grouting in terms of reducing the structural internal forces. The research results can provide reference for seismic design of tunnel portal section.
引文
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[13]申玉生,高波,胡邦,等.强震区山岭隧道围岩全环间隔注浆预加固的方案研究[J].土木工程学报,2011(S1):186-191.SHEN Yusheng,GAO Bo,HU Bang,et al.Study on surrounding rock pre-reinforcement by annular interval grouting of mountain tunnels in a high-intensity earthquake zone[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011(S1):186-191.
[14]王明年,林国进,于丽,等.隧道抗震与减震[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.WANG Mingnian,LIN Guojin,YU Li,et al.Tunnel seismic and shock absorption[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.
[15]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司.公路隧道设计细则:JTG/T D70-2010[S].CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co Ltd,Guidelines for design of highway tunnel:JTG/T D70-2010[S].
[16]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.Introduction to the FLAC/FLAC3D and application cases[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2013.
[2]高波,王峥峥,袁松,等.汶川地震隧道震害启示[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(3):336-341.GAO Bo,WANG Zhengzheng,YUAN Song,et al.Lessons learnt from damage of highway tunnels in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(3):336-341.
[3]李天斌.汶川特大地震中山岭隧道变形破坏特征及影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):742-750.LI Tianbin.Failure characteristics and influence factor analysis of mountain tunnels at epicenter zones of great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):742-750.
[4]崔光耀,王明年,林国进,等.汶川地震区典型公路隧道衬砌震害类型统计分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2011,22(1):122-127.CUI Guangyao,WANG Mingnian,LIN Guojin,et al.Statistical analysis of earthquake damage types of typical highway tunnel lining structure in Wenchuan seismic disastrous area[J].Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2011,22(1):122-127.
[5]李育枢.山岭隧道地震动力响应及减震措施研究[D].上海:同济大学,2006.LI Yushu.Study on earthquake responses and vibration-absorption measures for mountain tunnel[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2006.
[6]崔光耀,王明年,于丽,等.汶川地震隧道洞口结构震害分析及震害机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013,35(6):1084-1091.CUI Guangyao,WANG Mingnian,YU Li,et al.Analysis of seismic damage and mechanism of portal structure of highway tunnel in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(6):1084-1091.
[7]崔光耀,王明年,林国进,等.汶川地震隧道洞口段震害机理及抗震对策研究[J].现代隧道技术,2011,48(6):6-10+22.CUI Guangyao,WANG Mingnian,LIN Guojin,et al.Study on earthquake damage mechanism and aseismatic countermeasure of a highway tunnel portal section in the Wenchuan seismic disastrous area[J].Modern Tunneling Technology,2011,48(6):6-10+22.
[8]邹成路.穿越软硬交界面隧道洞口结构动力响应及其抗减震措施研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.ZOU Chenglu.Research on dynamic response and aseismic or shock absorption measures for tunnel portal structure at interface between hard and soft rock[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2014.
[9]申玉生,邹成路,靳宗振,等.穿越软硬交界面隧道结构动力响应特性研究[J].现代隧道技术,2015,52(3):95-102.SHEN Yusheng,ZOU Chenglu,JIN Zongzhen,et al.A study of the dynamic response characteristics of a tunnel structure through an interface of soft and hard rock[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2015,52(3):95-102.
[10]王维嘉.公路隧道洞口段震害机理及抗减震措施研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2012.WANG Weijia.Study on the damage mechanism of tunnel portal section and the anti-damping measures[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[11]王峥峥,王正松,高波.高烈度地震区连拱隧道洞口段抗震措施研究[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(6):80-85.WANG Zhengzheng,WANG Zhengsong,GAO Bo.Research on seismic measures of double-arch tunnel portals in high-intensity earthquake zone[J].ChinaJournal of Transport,2011,24(6):80-85.
[12]朱正国,余剑涛,隋传毅,等.高烈度活断层地区隧道结构抗震的综合措施[J].中国铁道科学,2014,35(6):55-62.ZHU Zhengguo,YU Jiantao,SUI Chuanyi,et al.Comprehensive seismic measures for tunnel structure in the area of high intensity active fault[J].China Railway Science,2014,35(6):55-62.
[13]申玉生,高波,胡邦,等.强震区山岭隧道围岩全环间隔注浆预加固的方案研究[J].土木工程学报,2011(S1):186-191.SHEN Yusheng,GAO Bo,HU Bang,et al.Study on surrounding rock pre-reinforcement by annular interval grouting of mountain tunnels in a high-intensity earthquake zone[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011(S1):186-191.
[14]王明年,林国进,于丽,等.隧道抗震与减震[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.WANG Mingnian,LIN Guojin,YU Li,et al.Tunnel seismic and shock absorption[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.
[15]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司.公路隧道设计细则:JTG/T D70-2010[S].CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co Ltd,Guidelines for design of highway tunnel:JTG/T D70-2010[S].
[16]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2013.CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.Introduction to the FLAC/FLAC3D and application cases[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,2013.