莺歌海盆地东部黄流组重力流沉积特征及其控制因素
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摘要
重力流沉积体系已成为南海西部重点勘探领域。为系统开展莺歌海盆地东部黄流组重力流沉积体系成因及控制因素研究,利用钻井、测井、地震资料,通过位移-距离法、3Dmove古构造恢复等技术方法,对盆地东部中新世黄流组坡折类型、物源供给通道、盆地沉降等方面进行了综合研究。结果表明,盆地东部边缘走滑转换带大型沟谷发育,控制了主物源注入通道;挠曲坡折处坡度加大促发了重力流形成;大规模海平面下降与凹陷内异常沉降作用耦合控制了低位域重力流砂体分布;盆内底辟活动改变了微古地貌格局,从而影响了重力流沉积卸载位置。该成果认识为LD10-F井厚层砂岩气藏发现提供了理论支持。
Gravity flow sedimentary system has become a key exploration area in the western South China Sea.In order to systematically study the genesis and controlling factors of gravity flow sedimentary system of Huangliu Formation in eastern Yinggehai Basin,the slope break types,source supply channels and basin subsidence of the Miocene Huangliu Formation were comprehensively studied by means of drilling,logging and seismic data,displacement-distance method and 3 D motion paleogeomorphology restoration. The results show that large-scale valleys developed in strike-slip transition zone on the eastern margin of the basin controlled the main source injection channel,increased slope gradient at flexural slope break promoted the formation of gravity flow,coupling of large-scale sea-level decline and abnormal subsidence in depression controlled the distribution of gravity flow deposits of LST,and diapirism changed the micro paleogeomorphology,affecting the position of gravity flow deposits.This achievement provides theoretical support for the discovery of thick sandstone gas reservoirs in well LD10-F.
Gravity flow sedimentary system has become a key exploration area in the western South China Sea.In order to systematically study the genesis and controlling factors of gravity flow sedimentary system of Huangliu Formation in eastern Yinggehai Basin,the slope break types,source supply channels and basin subsidence of the Miocene Huangliu Formation were comprehensively studied by means of drilling,logging and seismic data,displacement-distance method and 3 D motion paleogeomorphology restoration. The results show that large-scale valleys developed in strike-slip transition zone on the eastern margin of the basin controlled the main source injection channel,increased slope gradient at flexural slope break promoted the formation of gravity flow,coupling of large-scale sea-level decline and abnormal subsidence in depression controlled the distribution of gravity flow deposits of LST,and diapirism changed the micro paleogeomorphology,affecting the position of gravity flow deposits.This achievement provides theoretical support for the discovery of thick sandstone gas reservoirs in well LD10-F.
引文
[1]谢玉洪,范彩伟,周家雄,等.琼东南盆地中中新世重力流海底扇沉积特征及控制因素.天然气地球科学,2016,27(2):220.XIE Y H,FAN C W,ZHOU J X,et al. Sedimentary features and controlling factors of the gravity flows in submarine fan of Middle Miocene in the Qiongdongnan Basin. Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(2):220.
[2]钟泽红,刘景环,张道军,等.莺歌海盆地东方区大型海底扇成因及沉积储层特征.石油学报,2013,34(增刊2):102-111.ZHONG Z H,LIU J H,ZHANG D J,et al. Origin and sedimentary reservoir characteristics of a large submarine fan in Dongfang area,Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(Suppl 2):102-111.
[3]裴健翔,于俊峰,王立锋,等.莺歌海盆地中深层天然气勘探的关键问题及对策.石油学报,2011,32(4):573-579.PEI J X,YU J F,WANG L F,et al. Key challenges and strategies for the success of natural gas exploration in mid-deep strata of the Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):573-579.
[4]黄保家,李绪深,谢瑞永.莺歌海盆地输导系统及天然气主运移方向.天然气工业,2007,27(4):4-6.HUANG B J,LI X S,XIE R Y. Carrier system and dominant migration direction of natural gas in the Yinggehai Basin.Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(4):4-6.
[5]张建新,袁超,党亚云,等.莺歌海盆地乐东区中深层大型储集体发育特征.特种油气藏,2016,23(1):62-66.ZHANG J X,YUAN C,DANG Y Y,et al. Developmental features of middle-deep large reservoirs in Ledong region of Yinggehai Basin. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(1):62-66.
[6]张建新,党亚云,何小胡,等.莺歌海盆地乐东区峡谷水道成因及沉积特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):29-36.ZHANG J X,DANG Y Y,HE X H,et al. Origin and sedimentary characteristics of canyon channels in Ledong area of Yinggehai Basin. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):29-36.
[7]孙珍,钟志洪,周蒂.莺歌海盆地构造演化与强烈沉降机制的分析和模拟.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2007,32(3):347-356.SUN Z,ZHONG Z H,ZHOU D. The analysis and analogue modeling of the tectonic evolution and strong subsidence in the Yinggehai Basin. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(3):347-356.
[8]郭令智,钟志洪,王良书,等.莺歌海盆地周边区域构造演化.高校地质学报,2001,7(1):1-12.GUO L Z,ZHONG Z H,WANG L S,et al. Regional tectonic evolution around Yinggehai Basin of South China Sea. Geological Journal of China Universities,2001,7(1):1-12.
[9]王振峰,裴健翔.莺歌海盆地中深层黄流组高压气藏形成新模式:DF14井钻获强超压优质高产天然气层的意义.中国海上油气,2011,23(4):213-217.WANG Z F,PEI J X.A new accumulation model of high pressure gas in Huangliu Formation of the middle-deep interval in Yinggehai Basin:the significance of discovering a good-quality gas pay with overpressure and high production in Well DF14.China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(4):213-217.
[10]谢玉洪,张迎朝,李绪深,等.莺歌海盆地高温超压气藏控藏要素与成藏模式.石油学报,2012,33(4):601-609.XIE Y H,ZHANG Y Z,LI X S,et al. Main controlling factors and formation models of natural gas reservoirs with high-temperature and overpressure in Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(4):601-609.
[11] PEACOCK D C P,SANDERSON D J. Strike-slip relay ramps.Journal of Structural Geology,1995,17(10):1351-1360.
[12]叶洪.断块构造理论在研究“走滑转换构造”中的应用.北京:科学出版社,1988:22-31.YE H. Application of fault block structural theory in the study of strike-slip conversion structures. Beijing:Science Press,1988:22-31.
[13]李啸,刘海磊,王学勇,等.坡折带砂体成因及分布规律:以准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统清水河组为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):35-42.LI X,LIU H L,WANG X Y,et al. Origin and distribution of sandbody in slope break zone:a case study of the Lower Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):35-42.
[14]冯有良,胡素云,李建忠,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘同沉积构造坡折对层序建造和岩性油气藏富集带的控制.岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):14-25.FENG Y L,HU S Y,LI J Z,et al. Controls of syndepotitional structural slope-break zones on sequence architecture and enrichment zones of lithologic reservoirs in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(4):14-25.
[15]谢玉洪.构造活动型盆地层序地层分析及天然气成藏模式:以莺歌海盆地为例.北京:地质出版社,2009:46-110.XIE Y H. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation models in tectonically active basins:Case study on the Yinggehai Basin. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:46-110.
[16]李华,何幼斌,王英民,等.深水交互作用沉积研究进展:以南海北部珠江口盆地为例.岩性油气藏,2015,27(5):218-224.LI H,HE Y B,WANG Y M,et al. Research advances in deep water interaction deposition:a case from the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea. Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(5):218-224.
[17]欧阳雪琪,王亮,刘峰,等.中非BG盆地BN区块下白垩统湖底扇沉积特征.岩性油气藏,2016,28(3):86-94.OUYANG X Q,WANG L,LIU F,et al. Sedimentary characteristics of Lower Cretaceous sublacustrine fan in BN block of BG Basin,Central Africa. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(3):86-94.
[18]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化.海相油气地质,2012,17(1):49-58.XIE J Y,ZHU Y H,LI X S,et al. The Cenozoic sea-level changes in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2012,17(1):49-58.
[19]王振峰,崔宇驰,邵磊,等.西沙地区碳酸盐台地发育过程与海平面变化:基于西科1井BIT指标分析数据.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2015,40(5):900-908.WANG Z F,CUI Y C,SHAO L,et al. Carbonate platform development and sea-level variations of Xisha Islands:Based on BIT index of well Xike-1. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2015,40(5):900-908.
[20]赵利华,云金表,方德庆,等.松辽盆地北部构造沉降史及波动旋回性分析.大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(4):99-101.ZHAO L H,YUN J B,FANG D Q,et al. Analysis of the tectonic subsidence history and wave cycle in north Songliao Basin.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2004,28(4):99-101.
[21]崔涛,解习农,任建业,等.莺歌海盆地异常裂后沉降的动力学机制.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):349-356.CUI T,XIE X N,REN J Y,et al. Dynamic mechanism of anomalous post-rift subsidence in the Yinggehai Basin. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2008,33(3):349-356.
[22]仲米虹,唐武.前陆盆地隆后坳陷区湖底扇沉积特征及主控因素:以塔北轮南地区三叠系为例.岩性油气藏,2018,30(5):18-28.ZHONG M H,TANG W. Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of sublacustrine fans in backbulge zone of foreland basin:Triassic in Lunnan area,Tarim Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(5):18-28.
[23]陈骥,姜在兴,刘超,等.“源-汇”体系主导下的障壁滨岸沉积体系发育模式:以青海湖倒淌河流域为例.岩性油气藏,2018,30(3):71-79.CHEN J,JIANG Z X,LIU C,et al. Depositional models of barrier shoreline sedimentary system under guidance of source-to-sink system theory:a case from Daotang river in Qinghai Lake. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(3):71-79.
[24]张树林,田世澄,朱芳冰,等.莺歌海盆地底辟构造的成因及石油地质意义.中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(1):1-6.ZHANG S L,TIAN S C,ZHU F B,et al. Genesis of diapir structures in Yinggehai Basin and its significances to petroleum geology. China Offshore Oil and Gas,1996,10(1):1-6.
[25]李勇,曾允孚.试论龙门山逆冲推覆作用的沉积响应:以成都盆地为例.矿物岩石,1994,14(1):58-66.LI Y,ZENG Y F. On the sedimentary response to thrusting of Longmenshan thrust belt in Chengdu Basin. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1994,14(1):58-66.
[2]钟泽红,刘景环,张道军,等.莺歌海盆地东方区大型海底扇成因及沉积储层特征.石油学报,2013,34(增刊2):102-111.ZHONG Z H,LIU J H,ZHANG D J,et al. Origin and sedimentary reservoir characteristics of a large submarine fan in Dongfang area,Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(Suppl 2):102-111.
[3]裴健翔,于俊峰,王立锋,等.莺歌海盆地中深层天然气勘探的关键问题及对策.石油学报,2011,32(4):573-579.PEI J X,YU J F,WANG L F,et al. Key challenges and strategies for the success of natural gas exploration in mid-deep strata of the Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):573-579.
[4]黄保家,李绪深,谢瑞永.莺歌海盆地输导系统及天然气主运移方向.天然气工业,2007,27(4):4-6.HUANG B J,LI X S,XIE R Y. Carrier system and dominant migration direction of natural gas in the Yinggehai Basin.Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(4):4-6.
[5]张建新,袁超,党亚云,等.莺歌海盆地乐东区中深层大型储集体发育特征.特种油气藏,2016,23(1):62-66.ZHANG J X,YUAN C,DANG Y Y,et al. Developmental features of middle-deep large reservoirs in Ledong region of Yinggehai Basin. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(1):62-66.
[6]张建新,党亚云,何小胡,等.莺歌海盆地乐东区峡谷水道成因及沉积特征.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):29-36.ZHANG J X,DANG Y Y,HE X H,et al. Origin and sedimentary characteristics of canyon channels in Ledong area of Yinggehai Basin. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):29-36.
[7]孙珍,钟志洪,周蒂.莺歌海盆地构造演化与强烈沉降机制的分析和模拟.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2007,32(3):347-356.SUN Z,ZHONG Z H,ZHOU D. The analysis and analogue modeling of the tectonic evolution and strong subsidence in the Yinggehai Basin. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2007,32(3):347-356.
[8]郭令智,钟志洪,王良书,等.莺歌海盆地周边区域构造演化.高校地质学报,2001,7(1):1-12.GUO L Z,ZHONG Z H,WANG L S,et al. Regional tectonic evolution around Yinggehai Basin of South China Sea. Geological Journal of China Universities,2001,7(1):1-12.
[9]王振峰,裴健翔.莺歌海盆地中深层黄流组高压气藏形成新模式:DF14井钻获强超压优质高产天然气层的意义.中国海上油气,2011,23(4):213-217.WANG Z F,PEI J X.A new accumulation model of high pressure gas in Huangliu Formation of the middle-deep interval in Yinggehai Basin:the significance of discovering a good-quality gas pay with overpressure and high production in Well DF14.China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(4):213-217.
[10]谢玉洪,张迎朝,李绪深,等.莺歌海盆地高温超压气藏控藏要素与成藏模式.石油学报,2012,33(4):601-609.XIE Y H,ZHANG Y Z,LI X S,et al. Main controlling factors and formation models of natural gas reservoirs with high-temperature and overpressure in Yinggehai Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(4):601-609.
[11] PEACOCK D C P,SANDERSON D J. Strike-slip relay ramps.Journal of Structural Geology,1995,17(10):1351-1360.
[12]叶洪.断块构造理论在研究“走滑转换构造”中的应用.北京:科学出版社,1988:22-31.YE H. Application of fault block structural theory in the study of strike-slip conversion structures. Beijing:Science Press,1988:22-31.
[13]李啸,刘海磊,王学勇,等.坡折带砂体成因及分布规律:以准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统清水河组为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):35-42.LI X,LIU H L,WANG X Y,et al. Origin and distribution of sandbody in slope break zone:a case study of the Lower Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):35-42.
[14]冯有良,胡素云,李建忠,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘同沉积构造坡折对层序建造和岩性油气藏富集带的控制.岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):14-25.FENG Y L,HU S Y,LI J Z,et al. Controls of syndepotitional structural slope-break zones on sequence architecture and enrichment zones of lithologic reservoirs in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(4):14-25.
[15]谢玉洪.构造活动型盆地层序地层分析及天然气成藏模式:以莺歌海盆地为例.北京:地质出版社,2009:46-110.XIE Y H. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and hydrocarbon accumulation models in tectonically active basins:Case study on the Yinggehai Basin. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009:46-110.
[16]李华,何幼斌,王英民,等.深水交互作用沉积研究进展:以南海北部珠江口盆地为例.岩性油气藏,2015,27(5):218-224.LI H,HE Y B,WANG Y M,et al. Research advances in deep water interaction deposition:a case from the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea. Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(5):218-224.
[17]欧阳雪琪,王亮,刘峰,等.中非BG盆地BN区块下白垩统湖底扇沉积特征.岩性油气藏,2016,28(3):86-94.OUYANG X Q,WANG L,LIU F,et al. Sedimentary characteristics of Lower Cretaceous sublacustrine fan in BN block of BG Basin,Central Africa. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(3):86-94.
[18]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化.海相油气地质,2012,17(1):49-58.XIE J Y,ZHU Y H,LI X S,et al. The Cenozoic sea-level changes in Yinggehai-Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2012,17(1):49-58.
[19]王振峰,崔宇驰,邵磊,等.西沙地区碳酸盐台地发育过程与海平面变化:基于西科1井BIT指标分析数据.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2015,40(5):900-908.WANG Z F,CUI Y C,SHAO L,et al. Carbonate platform development and sea-level variations of Xisha Islands:Based on BIT index of well Xike-1. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2015,40(5):900-908.
[20]赵利华,云金表,方德庆,等.松辽盆地北部构造沉降史及波动旋回性分析.大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(4):99-101.ZHAO L H,YUN J B,FANG D Q,et al. Analysis of the tectonic subsidence history and wave cycle in north Songliao Basin.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2004,28(4):99-101.
[21]崔涛,解习农,任建业,等.莺歌海盆地异常裂后沉降的动力学机制.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):349-356.CUI T,XIE X N,REN J Y,et al. Dynamic mechanism of anomalous post-rift subsidence in the Yinggehai Basin. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2008,33(3):349-356.
[22]仲米虹,唐武.前陆盆地隆后坳陷区湖底扇沉积特征及主控因素:以塔北轮南地区三叠系为例.岩性油气藏,2018,30(5):18-28.ZHONG M H,TANG W. Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of sublacustrine fans in backbulge zone of foreland basin:Triassic in Lunnan area,Tarim Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(5):18-28.
[23]陈骥,姜在兴,刘超,等.“源-汇”体系主导下的障壁滨岸沉积体系发育模式:以青海湖倒淌河流域为例.岩性油气藏,2018,30(3):71-79.CHEN J,JIANG Z X,LIU C,et al. Depositional models of barrier shoreline sedimentary system under guidance of source-to-sink system theory:a case from Daotang river in Qinghai Lake. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(3):71-79.
[24]张树林,田世澄,朱芳冰,等.莺歌海盆地底辟构造的成因及石油地质意义.中国海上油气(地质),1996,10(1):1-6.ZHANG S L,TIAN S C,ZHU F B,et al. Genesis of diapir structures in Yinggehai Basin and its significances to petroleum geology. China Offshore Oil and Gas,1996,10(1):1-6.
[25]李勇,曾允孚.试论龙门山逆冲推覆作用的沉积响应:以成都盆地为例.矿物岩石,1994,14(1):58-66.LI Y,ZENG Y F. On the sedimentary response to thrusting of Longmenshan thrust belt in Chengdu Basin. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,1994,14(1):58-66.
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