阻隔性薄膜透气性能的压差法和等压法测试分析
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摘要
利用压差法、等圧法研究了4种阻隔性塑料薄膜的氧气和二氧化碳气体透过量,分析了温度、薄膜类型和厚度、相对湿度对透气性能的影响关系,对比了2种测试方法的薄膜透氧量。结果表明,12μmPET、12μmPET/Al、25μmPET和25μmPVDC薄膜的氧气、二氧化碳气体的透过量都受温度影响显著,都随着温度的升高而增大,其对数形式与热力学温度的倒数都呈线性关系;这4种阻隔性薄膜对氧气、二氧化碳气体的透过性能都存在明显差异,12μmPET薄膜的透过量最大,25μmPET薄膜和25μmPVDC薄膜次之,12μmPET/Al薄膜最小,而且它们对二氧化碳和氧气的透过量之比值都超过了4倍,都具有优良的阻隔性能和选择透过性。
The gas permeance of oxygen and carbon dioxide for four kinds of barrier plastic films were investigated by a differential-pressure method and/or an equal-pressure method. The effects of temperature, film type and thickness and relative humidity on the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas permeability of the films were analyzed, and the oxygen transmission rates obtained from the differential-pressure method and equal-pressure method were comparatively investigated. The results indicated that there was a remarkable influence of temperature on the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas permeance of PET film with thicknesses of 12 μm and 25 μm, PET/Al film with a thickness of 12 μm and PVDC film with a thickness of 25 μm. These three types of films showed a rise of gas permeance with an increasing of temperature. Moreover, the logarithmic values of gas permeance of the barrier plastic films are linearly relative to the reciprocal of thermodynamic temperature. The gas permeability of oxygen and carbon dioxide for the barrier plastic films are quite different in a descent order of the PET film with a thickness of 12 μm > the PET one with a thickness of 25 μm > the PVDC one with a thickness of 25 μm are smaller > the PET/Al one with a thickness of 12 μm. The ratios of gas transmission rate of carbon dioxide to oxygen for the barrier plastic films are all more than four times compared to the original ones. Therefore, the four types of barrier plastic films all possess an excellent barrier property and permselectivity.
The gas permeance of oxygen and carbon dioxide for four kinds of barrier plastic films were investigated by a differential-pressure method and/or an equal-pressure method. The effects of temperature, film type and thickness and relative humidity on the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas permeability of the films were analyzed, and the oxygen transmission rates obtained from the differential-pressure method and equal-pressure method were comparatively investigated. The results indicated that there was a remarkable influence of temperature on the oxygen and carbon dioxide gas permeance of PET film with thicknesses of 12 μm and 25 μm, PET/Al film with a thickness of 12 μm and PVDC film with a thickness of 25 μm. These three types of films showed a rise of gas permeance with an increasing of temperature. Moreover, the logarithmic values of gas permeance of the barrier plastic films are linearly relative to the reciprocal of thermodynamic temperature. The gas permeability of oxygen and carbon dioxide for the barrier plastic films are quite different in a descent order of the PET film with a thickness of 12 μm > the PET one with a thickness of 25 μm > the PVDC one with a thickness of 25 μm are smaller > the PET/Al one with a thickness of 12 μm. The ratios of gas transmission rate of carbon dioxide to oxygen for the barrier plastic films are all more than four times compared to the original ones. Therefore, the four types of barrier plastic films all possess an excellent barrier property and permselectivity.
引文
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[2] SUN L J,SUN J J,CHEN L,NIU P F,et al.Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan Film Incorporated with Thinned Young Apple Polyphenols as an Active Packaging Material[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2017,163:81-91.
[3] 吴常良,李茜茜,李丽,等.超高阻隔膜制备工艺现状及市场发展[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(5):543-548.WU C L,LI X Q,LI L,et al.Synthesis Technologies and Economic Impact of Ultra-high Barrier Thin Films[J].Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2014,34(5):543-548.
[4] 孙魁魁,王欲翠,金龙,等.包装材料中化学物质迁移分子动力学模拟研究进展[J].包装学报,2017,9(2):6-12.SUN K K,WANG Y C,CAI J L,et al.Review on Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Chemical Substances Migration in Packaging Materials[J].Packaging Journal,2017,9(2):6-12.
[5] 潘建平,孔炜,张目清,等.压差法在塑料薄膜气体阻隔性测试中的应用[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2012,(s1):40-43.PAN J P,KONG W,ZHANG M Q,et al.Application of Differential-pressure Method on Gas Permeability Test of Plastic Film[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,(s1):40-43.
[6] 刘孝锋,汪仁煌.基于压差法的薄膜透气性测试装置研究现状[J].包装工程,2011,32(9):115-118.LIU X F,WANG R H.Research Status of Film Permeability Test Device Based on Differential Pressure Method[J].Packaging Engineering,2011,32(9):115-118.
[7] 李霞,王相友,王娟.温度对气调包装薄膜透气性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(2):113-116.LI X,WANG X Y,WANG J.Effects of Temperature on Gas Permeability of Films for Modified Atmosphere Packaging[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(2):113-116.
[8] 张长峰,徐步前,吴光旭.更接近于气调包装条件下薄膜透气系数的测算方法[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(1):15-18.ZHANG C F,XU B Q,WU G X.Method for Computation of Film Permeability Coefficient Under the ConditionCloser to Modified Atmosphere Packaging(MAP)[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006,22(1):15-18.
[9] 郭彦峰,颜钰,刘谨,等.PET包装薄膜渗透性能的影响因素分析[J].中国塑料,2011,25(5):60-64.GUO Y F,YANY,LIU J,et al.Analysis of Influencing Factors on Permeability of PET Packaging Film[J].China Plastics,2011,25(5):60-64.
[10] 吕鹏举,谢新艺.PET/PP药品包装用复合膜高阻隔性能研究[J].塑料包装,2012,22(3):16-18.LU P J,XIE X Y.Research on High Barrier Properties of PET/PP Composite Film for Drug Packaging[J].Plastics Packaging,2012,22(3):16-18.)
[11] 代振宇,周涵,李乃祥,等.PET和PEN氧气阻隔性差异原因分子模拟探索[J].化工学报,2009,60(10):2 517-2 521.DAI Z Y,ZHOU H,LI N X,et al.Inherent Factor Elucidation to Difference in Oxygen Barrier Properties of PET and PEN with Molecular Simulation[J].Journal of the Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China,2009,60(10):2 517-2 521.
[12] 呼和,梁晓红,王羽,等.EHA/PE复合薄膜的力学性能和阻透性能[J].中国塑料,2015,29(9):45-48.HU H,LIANG X H,WANG Y,et al.Mechanical Properties and Barrier of EHA/PE Composite Films[J].China Plastics,2015,29(9):45-48.
[13] TURAN D,SANGERLAUB S,STRAMM C,et al.Gas Permeabilities of Polyurethane Films for Fresh Produce Packaging:Response of O2Permeability to Temperature and Relative Humidity[J].Polymer Testing,2017,59:237-244.
[14] 毛超英,黄亚江,李光宪.聚合物/层状纳米填料阻隔复合薄膜研究进展[J].中国塑料,2015,29(10):7-13.MAO C Y,HUANG Y J,LI G X.Review on the High Barrier Polymer Films Enhanced by Nanoplatelets[J].China Plastics,2015,29(10):7-13.
[15] SCHMID M,ZILLINGER W,MüLLER K,et al.Permeation of Water Vapour,Nitrogen,Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through Whey Protein Isolate Based Films and Coatings-permselectivity and Activation Energy [J].Food Packaging and Shelf Life,2015,6:21-29.
[16] LAVOINE N,GUILLARD V,DESLOGES I,et al.Active Bio-based Food-packaging:Diffusion and Release of Active Substances Through and from Cellulose Nanofiber Coating Toward Food-packaging Design[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2016,149:40-50.
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