光面爆破在边坡开挖中的应用研究
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摘要
为了减小爆破作业对坡面的扰动及损伤,控制开挖坡面的平整度,减少边坡支护的工程量,节约施工成本,通过光面爆破技术在边坡开挖中的应用案例,对比分析了光面爆破与普通爆破的施工效果。采用显示动力学分析软件ANSYS LS-DYNA模拟了不同装药参数下岩体的破碎过程,根据数值模拟的结果,探讨了爆破设计参数、施工工艺、起爆网路对爆破效果的影响。结果显示:孔内采用连续装药时被爆岩体周围破碎圈较大,采用间隔装药的光面爆破能有效控制边坡的超欠挖现象;间隔装药距离大于70cm时,被爆岩体破碎不充分,间隔装药距离小于70cm时,周围岩体损伤严重,不利于预留边坡的稳定,间隔装药距离为70cm时,开挖岩体破碎较为充分且预留边坡损伤较小,可以取得较好的爆破效果。研究成果具有较强的应用及推广价值。
In order to reduce the disturbance and damage to the slope caused by blasting,to control the smoothness of the excavation slope,to reduce the engineering quantity of slope support and to save the construction cost,the construction effect of smooth blasting and conventional blasting was compared and analyzed through the application case of smooth blasting technology in the slope excavation.The explicit dynamics analysis software-ANSYS LS-DYNA was used to simulate the rock mass breaking process under different charging parameters.According to the results of numerical simulation,the influence of blasting design parameters,construction technology and blasting network on blasting effect was discussed.The results show that the fractured zone around the blasted rock mass is larger when continuous charge is used in the hole,and the smooth blasting with interval charge can effectively control the overbreak and underbreak of the slope.When the interval charge distance is greater than 70 cm,the blasted rock mass is not sufficiently broken,and when the interval charge distance is less than 70 cm,the surrounding rock mass is seriously damaged,which is not conducive to the stability of the reserved slope.When the interval charge distance is 70 cm,the excavation rock mass is fully broken and the reserved slope damage is small,which can achieve better blasting effect.The research results have strong application and promotion value.
In order to reduce the disturbance and damage to the slope caused by blasting,to control the smoothness of the excavation slope,to reduce the engineering quantity of slope support and to save the construction cost,the construction effect of smooth blasting and conventional blasting was compared and analyzed through the application case of smooth blasting technology in the slope excavation.The explicit dynamics analysis software-ANSYS LS-DYNA was used to simulate the rock mass breaking process under different charging parameters.According to the results of numerical simulation,the influence of blasting design parameters,construction technology and blasting network on blasting effect was discussed.The results show that the fractured zone around the blasted rock mass is larger when continuous charge is used in the hole,and the smooth blasting with interval charge can effectively control the overbreak and underbreak of the slope.When the interval charge distance is greater than 70 cm,the blasted rock mass is not sufficiently broken,and when the interval charge distance is less than 70 cm,the surrounding rock mass is seriously damaged,which is not conducive to the stability of the reserved slope.When the interval charge distance is 70 cm,the excavation rock mass is fully broken and the reserved slope damage is small,which can achieve better blasting effect.The research results have strong application and promotion value.
引文
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[8]张志呈,蒲传金,史瑾瑾.不同装药结构光面爆破对岩石的损伤研究[J].爆破,2006,23(1):36-38.
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[11]汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.
[12]张勤彬,程贵海,徐中慧.工程爆破中大规模起爆网路的可靠性分析[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(11):237-241.
[13]郑红玺.三河口水利枢纽厂房边坡爆破大块率问题分析及其爆破参数优化[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(8):85-89.
[14]喻江武,郑小平,谢全敏,等.缓倾路堑边坡开挖光面爆破施工方法研究[J].施工技术,2015,44(S2):266-270.
[15]张勤彬,程贵海,徐中慧,等.爆破飞石事故定性定量分析及对策研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2018,47(4):29-33.
[16]GB 6722-2014,爆破安全规程[S].
[2]朱光佳,田雨峰.阳西电厂淡水管线隧洞工程光面爆破技术应用控制[J].中国水运月刊,2012,12(S1):158-160.
[3]李盘胜,蔡进斌,赖志洪,等.光面爆破技术在云浮硫铁矿临近边坡爆破中的应用[J].化工矿物与加工,2014,43(2):43-45.
[4]刘上海.水利水电工程施工技术及管理措施探讨[J].科技与创新,2016(8):129-130.
[5]严克强.光面爆破成缝机理探讨[J].水利水电技术,1984(6):1-2.
[6]凌伟明.光面爆破和预裂爆破破裂机理的研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,1990(4):79-87.
[7]宗琦,陆鹏举,罗强.光面爆破空气垫层装药轴向不耦合系数理论研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):1 047-1 051.
[8]张志呈,蒲传金,史瑾瑾.不同装药结构光面爆破对岩石的损伤研究[J].爆破,2006,23(1):36-38.
[9]过江,崔文强,陈辉.不同耦合介质光面爆破裂纹发展数值分析[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(1):68-75.
[10]夏祥,李海波,李俊如,等.岩体爆生裂纹的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2006,27(11):1 987-1 991.
[11]汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.
[12]张勤彬,程贵海,徐中慧.工程爆破中大规模起爆网路的可靠性分析[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(11):237-241.
[13]郑红玺.三河口水利枢纽厂房边坡爆破大块率问题分析及其爆破参数优化[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(8):85-89.
[14]喻江武,郑小平,谢全敏,等.缓倾路堑边坡开挖光面爆破施工方法研究[J].施工技术,2015,44(S2):266-270.
[15]张勤彬,程贵海,徐中慧,等.爆破飞石事故定性定量分析及对策研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2018,47(4):29-33.
[16]GB 6722-2014,爆破安全规程[S].