北三台凸起石炭系火成岩储层特征及其主控因素
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摘要
通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜观察、物性、测录井资料分析、地震解释等技术手段,对准噶尔盆地东部北三台凸起地区石炭系火成岩的岩相分布特征、储层特征、主控因素进行研究,认为石炭纪的长期风化淋滤过程是储层形成的关键,是优质储层发育的必要条件,凸起高度、斜坡坡度决定了淋滤作用的强弱;海西期后形成的走滑断裂,控制着储层中后期构造裂缝的发育.研究结果表明:1)石炭系火成岩发育火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩,主要包括安山岩、玄武岩、中基性火山角砾岩和凝灰岩,发育火山通道相、爆发相、溢流相和火山沉积相;2)储集空间可划分为三大类,其中次生溶孔和裂缝占主导地位,整体为中低孔—特低渗储层;3)火成岩储层的储集性能受岩性岩相、不整合及断裂影响,不整合为主控因素,储层整体为风化壳型储层,淋滤时长及古地貌决定了淋滤有利地带;岩性、岩相影响了储层原生孔隙的发育程度和储层后期改造程度;早期断裂改变了火山喷发方式,间接影响了岩相的展布特征,晚期断裂控制裂缝的发育情况,改善了储层的渗流能力.综合各个控制因素,认为北三台凸起西南地区长缓坡地带火山活动频繁,风化淋滤强烈,后期走滑断裂发育,是勘探的有利地区.
Based on the core observation,thin section identification,electron microscope scanning,physical property analysis and integration of well log and 2 D/3 Dseismic data,this study analyzed the lithofacies distribution characteristics,reservoir characteristics and the main controlling factors of the Carboniferous igneous rocks in the Beisantai uplift area,which located in the east of the Jungger basin.The key to the formation of the reservoir is the long-term weathering and leaching process in the Carboniferous period,which is also the necessary condition for the development of the high quality reservoir.And the height of the uplift and the slope of the slope determine the strength of the leaching.The strike-slip fault forming after the Hercynian period controls the development of the middle and late structural fractures in the reservoir.The results show that Carboniferous igneous rocks are composed of volcanic lava and pyroclastic rocks,mainly including andesite,basalt,intermediate-basic volcanic breccias and tuff.And there are volcanic channel facies,eruption facies,overflow facies and volcanic sedimentary facies developed.The reservoir space can be divided into three categories,of which secondary dissolved pores and cracks dominate,and the reservoir belongs to medium-low porosity and extralow permeability reservoir.The reservoir performance is affected by lithology,facies,unconformity and fault.Unconformity is the main controlling factor,and the reservoir is weathered crust reservoir.The leaching time and paleotopography determine the favorable leaching zone.The lithology and facies affect the development of primary pores and the degree of reconstruction of the reservoir.The incipient fault changes the way of volcanic eruptions,indirectly affects the distribution of lithofacies.The late-stage fault controls the development of fractures and improves the percolation ability of reservoir.Comprehensively considered various control factors,the long gentle slope zone in the southwestern Beisantai uplift is the favorable area for exploration,where the volcanic activity is frequent,the weathering leaching is strong,and the later strike-slip fault develops a lot.
Based on the core observation,thin section identification,electron microscope scanning,physical property analysis and integration of well log and 2 D/3 Dseismic data,this study analyzed the lithofacies distribution characteristics,reservoir characteristics and the main controlling factors of the Carboniferous igneous rocks in the Beisantai uplift area,which located in the east of the Jungger basin.The key to the formation of the reservoir is the long-term weathering and leaching process in the Carboniferous period,which is also the necessary condition for the development of the high quality reservoir.And the height of the uplift and the slope of the slope determine the strength of the leaching.The strike-slip fault forming after the Hercynian period controls the development of the middle and late structural fractures in the reservoir.The results show that Carboniferous igneous rocks are composed of volcanic lava and pyroclastic rocks,mainly including andesite,basalt,intermediate-basic volcanic breccias and tuff.And there are volcanic channel facies,eruption facies,overflow facies and volcanic sedimentary facies developed.The reservoir space can be divided into three categories,of which secondary dissolved pores and cracks dominate,and the reservoir belongs to medium-low porosity and extralow permeability reservoir.The reservoir performance is affected by lithology,facies,unconformity and fault.Unconformity is the main controlling factor,and the reservoir is weathered crust reservoir.The leaching time and paleotopography determine the favorable leaching zone.The lithology and facies affect the development of primary pores and the degree of reconstruction of the reservoir.The incipient fault changes the way of volcanic eruptions,indirectly affects the distribution of lithofacies.The late-stage fault controls the development of fractures and improves the percolation ability of reservoir.Comprehensively considered various control factors,the long gentle slope zone in the southwestern Beisantai uplift is the favorable area for exploration,where the volcanic activity is frequent,the weathering leaching is strong,and the later strike-slip fault develops a lot.
引文
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