毗连海岸岩礁深孔爆破设计与施工技术
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摘要
为了解决毗连海岸岩礁深孔爆破因地形变化大、水深较浅,施工船舶难以进入,且受潮汐影响大,候潮作业施工效率低的问题,采用一种新的处理毗连海岸岩礁爆破施工方法,即利用简易围堰—填沙成陆的方式将近岸岩礁填筑成陆地,将水下爆破转为露天深孔爆破。在创造的陆地施工工作面上进行钻孔、插管、装药、爆破,取得了良好的爆破效果,爆堆整体隆起,最高达3 m,爆区前排紧邻围堰侧往前推出约4～5 m,后排紧邻山体侧往前推出约1～2 m。运用这种先成陆后实施岩礁深孔爆破的方法,规避了风、浪、潮汐、水流、水深等因素对施工的影响,极大地减少了安全隐患,同时利用陆地大型设备的优势,也提高了施工效率、降低了施工成本。
In order to solve the problem of deep-hole blasting of adjacent coastal reefs, which is difficult for construction vessels to enter due to the great change of topography and shallow water depth, and is greatly affected by the tide, and the construction efficiency of tidal operation is low, a new blasting construction method for adjacent coastal reefs is adopted, that is, using simple cofferdam-sand filling to land the adjacent coastal reefs, and converting underwater blasting into open-pit deep-hole blasting.Drilling, intubation, charging and blasting were carried out on the land construction working face created, and good blasting effect was achieved. The overall uplift of the blasting pile was up to 3 m. The front row of the blasting area was pushed forward about 4-5 m next to the cofferdam side, and the back row was pushed forward about 1-2 m next to the mountain side.This method of blasting deep holes in rocks after land formation avoids the influence of wind, wave, tide, water flow, water depth and other factors on the construction, which greatly reduces the potential safety hazards. At the same time, the advantage of large land equipment is utilized to improve the construction efficiency and reduce the construction cost.
In order to solve the problem of deep-hole blasting of adjacent coastal reefs, which is difficult for construction vessels to enter due to the great change of topography and shallow water depth, and is greatly affected by the tide, and the construction efficiency of tidal operation is low, a new blasting construction method for adjacent coastal reefs is adopted, that is, using simple cofferdam-sand filling to land the adjacent coastal reefs, and converting underwater blasting into open-pit deep-hole blasting.Drilling, intubation, charging and blasting were carried out on the land construction working face created, and good blasting effect was achieved. The overall uplift of the blasting pile was up to 3 m. The front row of the blasting area was pushed forward about 4-5 m next to the cofferdam side, and the back row was pushed forward about 1-2 m next to the mountain side.This method of blasting deep holes in rocks after land formation avoids the influence of wind, wave, tide, water flow, water depth and other factors on the construction, which greatly reduces the potential safety hazards. At the same time, the advantage of large land equipment is utilized to improve the construction efficiency and reduce the construction cost.
引文
[1] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2011.
[2] 汪旭光.爆破手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010.WANG X G.Handbook of blasting [M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2010.
[3] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程:GB 6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.State Administration of Work Safety.Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2015.
[4] 张福炀,吴进东,孟国良.爆破安全评估报告[Z].浙江:绍兴安盛爆破工程有限公司,2016.ZHANG F Y ,WU J D,MENG G L.Blasting safety assessment report[Z].Zhejiang:Shaoxing Ansheng Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd,2016.
[5] 杨勇,骆守林,薛永利.复杂环境下石方控制爆破[J].工程爆破,2009,15(4):38-40.YANG Y,LUO S L,XUE Y L.Controlled stonework blasting in complex environment[J].Engineering Blasting,2009,15(4):38-40.
[2] 汪旭光.爆破手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010.WANG X G.Handbook of blasting [M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2010.
[3] 国家安全生产监督管理总局.爆破安全规程:GB 6722-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.State Administration of Work Safety.Safety regulations for blasting:GB 6722-2014[S].Beijing:China Standards Press,2015.
[4] 张福炀,吴进东,孟国良.爆破安全评估报告[Z].浙江:绍兴安盛爆破工程有限公司,2016.ZHANG F Y ,WU J D,MENG G L.Blasting safety assessment report[Z].Zhejiang:Shaoxing Ansheng Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd,2016.
[5] 杨勇,骆守林,薛永利.复杂环境下石方控制爆破[J].工程爆破,2009,15(4):38-40.YANG Y,LUO S L,XUE Y L.Controlled stonework blasting in complex environment[J].Engineering Blasting,2009,15(4):38-40.