基于定子单相开路故障的六相空间矢量PWM
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摘要
双Y移30°六相感应电机出现定子单相开路故障后,转矩和转速的脉动会增大。为减小脉动,提出一种具有容错能力的六相空间矢量脉宽调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)方法。将出现开路故障的那套绕组的星形结点与逆变器直流母线中点连接;将32个定子绕组电压列矩阵通过一个新的五维正交矩阵,映射到d-q平面、z1-z2平面,得到32个基本矢量;通过优化模型构造出6个辅助矢量和一个等效零矢量,它们在z1-z2平面都为零;参考矢量由辅助矢量和等效零矢量来合成,参考矢量在z1-z2平面为零能抑制谐波电压,在d-q平面的轨迹为圆形能使转矩平稳。仿真和实验结果表明,有容错SVPWM转矩和转速的脉动范围分别是无容错SVPWM的30%和25%,有效提高系统的缺相运行性能。
The torque pulsation and speed pulsation of a six-phase induction machine with double Y-connected windings shifted by 30? increase after single phase of the stator winding is open-circuit. In order to reduce the pulsations, a method of six-phase space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) with fault-tolerance was proposed. The star point of the open-circuit winding group was connected to the mid-point of dc-link. The 32 column matrices representing 32 stator winding voltages were mapped to the d-q plane and z1-z2 plane by using a new five-dimensional orthogonal matrix, and then32 basic vectors were obtained. By using an optimal model, six auxiliary vectors and a equivalent null vector were constructed,the magnitudes of which were all zero in the z1-z2 plane. By using the auxiliary vectors and equivalent null vector, a reference vector was synthesized, the zero magnitude of which in the z1-z2 plane can suppress the harmonic voltages, and the circular trajectory of which in the d-q plane can make the torque smooth. Simulation and experimental results show that the torque pulsation range and the speed pulsation range of the proposed method with fault-tolerance are 30% and 25% that of the classical method without fault-tolerance, respectively. So the phase-deficient operation performance of the system is improved.
The torque pulsation and speed pulsation of a six-phase induction machine with double Y-connected windings shifted by 30? increase after single phase of the stator winding is open-circuit. In order to reduce the pulsations, a method of six-phase space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) with fault-tolerance was proposed. The star point of the open-circuit winding group was connected to the mid-point of dc-link. The 32 column matrices representing 32 stator winding voltages were mapped to the d-q plane and z1-z2 plane by using a new five-dimensional orthogonal matrix, and then32 basic vectors were obtained. By using an optimal model, six auxiliary vectors and a equivalent null vector were constructed,the magnitudes of which were all zero in the z1-z2 plane. By using the auxiliary vectors and equivalent null vector, a reference vector was synthesized, the zero magnitude of which in the z1-z2 plane can suppress the harmonic voltages, and the circular trajectory of which in the d-q plane can make the torque smooth. Simulation and experimental results show that the torque pulsation range and the speed pulsation range of the proposed method with fault-tolerance are 30% and 25% that of the classical method without fault-tolerance, respectively. So the phase-deficient operation performance of the system is improved.
引文
[1]Barrero F,Duran M J.Recent advances in the design,modeling,and control of multiphase machines:Part I[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):449-458.
[2]Duran M J,Barrero F.Recent advances in the design,modeling,and control of multiphase machines:Part II[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):459-468.
[3]刘自程,李永东,郑泽东.多相电机控制驱动技术研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(24):17-29.Liu Zicheng,Li Yongdong,Zheng Zedong.Control and drive techniques for multiphase machines:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(24):17-29(in Chinese).
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[6]王琛琛,王堃,游小杰,等.低开关频率下双定子感应电机SVPWM同步调制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(13):3883-3891.Wang Chenchen,Wang Kun,You Xiaojie,et al.Research on the synchronized SVPWM strategies under low switching frequency for dual stator induction machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(13):3883-3891(in Chinese).
[7]Levi E.Advances in converter control and innovative exploitation of additional degrees of freedom for multiphase machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):433-448.
[8]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Space vector PWM control of dual three-phase induction machine using vector space decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(5):1100-1108.
[9]杨金波,李铁才,杨贵杰.一相开路双三相永磁同步电机建模与控制[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(10):167-173,187.Yang Jinbo,Li Tiecai,Yang Guijie.Modeling and control of dual three-phase PMSM with one open phase[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(10):167-173,187(in Chinese).
[10]Che H S,Duran M J,Levi E,et al.Postfault operation of an asymmetrical six-phase induction machine with single and two isolated neutral points[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(10):5406-5416.
[11]Alberti L,Bianchi N.Experimental tests of dual three-phase induction motor under faulty operating condition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(5):2041-2048.
[12]Kong Wubin,Kang Min,Li Dawei,et al.Investigation of spatial harmonic magnetic field coupling effect on torque ripple for multiphase induction motor under open fault condition[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(7):6060-6071.
[13]Munim W N W A,Duran M J,Che H S,et al.A unified analysis of the fault tolerance capability in six-phase induction motor drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(10):7824-7836.
[14]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Modeling and control of a multi-phase induction machine with structural unbalance[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1996,11(3):570-577.
[15]耿乙文,鲍宇,王昊,等.六相感应电机直接转矩及容错控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5947-5956.Geng Yiwen,Bao Yu,Wang Hao,et al.Direct torque and fault tolerant control for six-phase induction motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5947-5956(in Chinese).
[16]Alcharea R,Kianinezhad R,Nahid B,et al.Fault tolerant DTC for six-phase symmetrical induction machine[C]//Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of IEEEIndustrial Electronics.Porto,Portugal:IEEE,2009.
[17]Belgacem A,Salem Y B,Abdelkrim M N.Modified DTCcontrol using fuzzy logic control for dual three phase induction machine with open phases[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 12th International Multi-Conference on Systems,Signals&Devices.Mahdia,Tunisia:IEEE,2015.
[18]Tani A,Mengoni M,Zarri L,et al.Control of multiphase induction motors with an odd number of phases under open-circuit phase faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(2):565-577.
[19]Hu Yashan,Zhu Ziqiang,Liu Kan.Current control for dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors accounting for current unbalance and harmonics[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2014,2(2):272-284.
[20]Baneira F,Doval-Gandoy J,Yepes A G,et al.Control strategy for multiphase drives with minimum losses in the full torque operation range under single open-phase fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(8):6275-6285.
[21]郑晓钦,马伟明,王东,等.十五相感应电机不对称缺相容错运行控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1212-1221.Zheng Xiaoqin,Ma Weiming,Wang Dong,et al.Fault-tolerant control of fifteen-phase induction machine under asymmetrical fault condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1212-1221(in Chinese).
[22]欧阳红林.多相永磁同步电动机调速系统控制方法的研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.Ouyang Honglin.The research on control method of variable speed system of multi-phase permanent magnetic synchronous motor[D].Changsha:Hunan University,205(in Chinese).
[23]李山.多相感应电机控制技术的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.Li Shan.Research on the control technologies of multiphase induction machine[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2009(in Chinese).
[2]Duran M J,Barrero F.Recent advances in the design,modeling,and control of multiphase machines:Part II[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):459-468.
[3]刘自程,李永东,郑泽东.多相电机控制驱动技术研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(24):17-29.Liu Zicheng,Li Yongdong,Zheng Zedong.Control and drive techniques for multiphase machines:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(24):17-29(in Chinese).
[4]Che H S,Levi E,Jones M,et al.Operation of a six-phase induction machine using series-connected machine-side converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(1):164-176.
[5]吴新振,王东,郭云珺,等.多相电机定子绕组组合模式对磁动势与参数的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(18):2944-2951.Wu Xinzhen,Wang Dong,Guo Yunjun,et al.Effect of stator winding combination modes for multiphase electric machines on MMFs and parameters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(18):2944-2951(in Chinese).
[6]王琛琛,王堃,游小杰,等.低开关频率下双定子感应电机SVPWM同步调制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(13):3883-3891.Wang Chenchen,Wang Kun,You Xiaojie,et al.Research on the synchronized SVPWM strategies under low switching frequency for dual stator induction machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(13):3883-3891(in Chinese).
[7]Levi E.Advances in converter control and innovative exploitation of additional degrees of freedom for multiphase machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):433-448.
[8]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Space vector PWM control of dual three-phase induction machine using vector space decomposition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1995,31(5):1100-1108.
[9]杨金波,李铁才,杨贵杰.一相开路双三相永磁同步电机建模与控制[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(10):167-173,187.Yang Jinbo,Li Tiecai,Yang Guijie.Modeling and control of dual three-phase PMSM with one open phase[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(10):167-173,187(in Chinese).
[10]Che H S,Duran M J,Levi E,et al.Postfault operation of an asymmetrical six-phase induction machine with single and two isolated neutral points[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(10):5406-5416.
[11]Alberti L,Bianchi N.Experimental tests of dual three-phase induction motor under faulty operating condition[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2012,59(5):2041-2048.
[12]Kong Wubin,Kang Min,Li Dawei,et al.Investigation of spatial harmonic magnetic field coupling effect on torque ripple for multiphase induction motor under open fault condition[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(7):6060-6071.
[13]Munim W N W A,Duran M J,Che H S,et al.A unified analysis of the fault tolerance capability in six-phase induction motor drives[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(10):7824-7836.
[14]Zhao Yifan,Lipo T A.Modeling and control of a multi-phase induction machine with structural unbalance[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1996,11(3):570-577.
[15]耿乙文,鲍宇,王昊,等.六相感应电机直接转矩及容错控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5947-5956.Geng Yiwen,Bao Yu,Wang Hao,et al.Direct torque and fault tolerant control for six-phase induction motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5947-5956(in Chinese).
[16]Alcharea R,Kianinezhad R,Nahid B,et al.Fault tolerant DTC for six-phase symmetrical induction machine[C]//Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of IEEEIndustrial Electronics.Porto,Portugal:IEEE,2009.
[17]Belgacem A,Salem Y B,Abdelkrim M N.Modified DTCcontrol using fuzzy logic control for dual three phase induction machine with open phases[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 12th International Multi-Conference on Systems,Signals&Devices.Mahdia,Tunisia:IEEE,2015.
[18]Tani A,Mengoni M,Zarri L,et al.Control of multiphase induction motors with an odd number of phases under open-circuit phase faults[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(2):565-577.
[19]Hu Yashan,Zhu Ziqiang,Liu Kan.Current control for dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors accounting for current unbalance and harmonics[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2014,2(2):272-284.
[20]Baneira F,Doval-Gandoy J,Yepes A G,et al.Control strategy for multiphase drives with minimum losses in the full torque operation range under single open-phase fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(8):6275-6285.
[21]郑晓钦,马伟明,王东,等.十五相感应电机不对称缺相容错运行控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1212-1221.Zheng Xiaoqin,Ma Weiming,Wang Dong,et al.Fault-tolerant control of fifteen-phase induction machine under asymmetrical fault condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1212-1221(in Chinese).
[22]欧阳红林.多相永磁同步电动机调速系统控制方法的研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2005.Ouyang Honglin.The research on control method of variable speed system of multi-phase permanent magnetic synchronous motor[D].Changsha:Hunan University,205(in Chinese).
[23]李山.多相感应电机控制技术的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009.Li Shan.Research on the control technologies of multiphase induction machine[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2009(in Chinese).