职业紧张对脑力劳动者神经递质水平的影响研究
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摘要
目的探讨脑力劳动者职业紧张对血浆神经递质水平的影响,从而为控制职业紧张、降低其危害提供科学依据。方法采用工作紧张测量问卷(Job Stress Survey,JSS)对200名工作时间超过1年及以上的脑力劳动者进行职业紧张状况的调查,并用酶联免疫法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定其血浆5-羟色胺(5-hydroxy tryptamine,5-HT)、神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y,NPY)和P物质(substance P,SP)的浓度。结果不同个体特征组劳动者血浆5-HT、NPY及SP浓度的比较,只有5-HT浓度在不同年龄组间存在不同,且差异有统计学意义外(P<0.05);中、高职业紧张组血浆5-HT浓度高于低职业紧张组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而NPY和SP在不同职业紧张组间的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);控制年龄因素后,偏相关分析结果显示职业紧张及其各维度与5-HT之间存在正相关性(P<0.05),而与NPY和SP之间未发现明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论职业紧张与脑力劳动者血浆神经递质水平存在相关性,尤其是单胺类神经递质5-HT。提示职业紧张可以影响机体神经递质水平,而这可能与长期过度职业紧张引发劳动者出现身心健康问题有关。
Objective To explore the effect of occupational stress on the level of plasma neurotransmitter in mental workers,and to provide a scientific basis for controlling occupational stress and reducing its harm.Methods A Job Stress Survey(JSS)was used to investigate the occupational stress of 200 mental workers who worked for more than one year and above.The 5-HT,NPY and substance P concentrations of plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The plasma concentration of 5-HT was different among different age groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but the plasma concentrations of 5-HT,NPY and SP in other individual characteristics groups had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The plasma concentration of 5-HT was different in different occupational stress groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the plasma concentration of NPY and SP had no statistically significant difference in different occupational stress groups(P>0.05).After controlling the age,the results of partial correlation analysis showed that the occupational stress and its each dimension were positively correlated with 5-HT(P<0.05),and there were no significant correlations found in NPY and SP(P>0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between occupational stress and plasma neurotransmitter levels in mental workers,especially with the monoamine neurotransmitter 5-HT.It suggests that occupational stress can affect the body's neurotransmitter level,which may be related to the physical and mental health problems caused by chronic over-occupational stress.
Objective To explore the effect of occupational stress on the level of plasma neurotransmitter in mental workers,and to provide a scientific basis for controlling occupational stress and reducing its harm.Methods A Job Stress Survey(JSS)was used to investigate the occupational stress of 200 mental workers who worked for more than one year and above.The 5-HT,NPY and substance P concentrations of plasma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The plasma concentration of 5-HT was different among different age groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but the plasma concentrations of 5-HT,NPY and SP in other individual characteristics groups had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The plasma concentration of 5-HT was different in different occupational stress groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the plasma concentration of NPY and SP had no statistically significant difference in different occupational stress groups(P>0.05).After controlling the age,the results of partial correlation analysis showed that the occupational stress and its each dimension were positively correlated with 5-HT(P<0.05),and there were no significant correlations found in NPY and SP(P>0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between occupational stress and plasma neurotransmitter levels in mental workers,especially with the monoamine neurotransmitter 5-HT.It suggests that occupational stress can affect the body's neurotransmitter level,which may be related to the physical and mental health problems caused by chronic over-occupational stress.
引文
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[11] 肖元梅.脑力劳动者脑力负荷评价及其应用研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005.
[12] 姜雨,连玉龙,陶宁,等.职业紧张对油田野外作业工人神经递质水平的影响[J].卫生研究,2015,44(5):771-774.
[13] Blix E,Perski A,Berglund H,et al.Long-term occupational stress is associated with regional reductions in brain tissue volumes[J].PLoS One,2013,8(6):e64065.
[2] 李英华,赵芳红,刘胜兰,等.北京市城市职业人群工作状况与抑郁情绪研究[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(3):208-212.
[3] Cho HS,Kim YW,Park HW,et al.The relationship between depressive symptoms among female workers and job stress and sleep quality[J].Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,2013,25(1):12.
[4] 张正宝,王丽君,彭鹏.护士职业紧张与其血清中多巴胺及去甲肾上腺素水平的关系[J].环境与职业医学,2015,32(4):328-331.
[5] 姚三巧,王学生,白玉萍,等.几种生化指标在职业紧张评价中的应用[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2003,21(1):26-29.
[6] 陶宁,李富业,连玉龙.狱警职业紧张程度与神经递质水平变化研究[J].中国职业医学,2011,38(5):395-396,400.
[7] 詹永国,田宏迩,张庆东,等.职业应激与护士血清单胺类神经递质的相关分析[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2014,32(2):96-99.
[8] 高晓燕,葛华,姜雨,等.脑力劳动人群职业紧张与睡眠质量的关系研究[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(19):3483-3487.
[9] Spielberger CD,Reheiser EC.Job stress in university,corporate,and military personnel[J].International Journal of Stress Management,1994,1(1):19-31.
[10] 连玉龙,刘继文,张晨,等.工作紧张测量量表(JSS)信度和结构效度分析[J].中国职业医学,2008,35(5):364-367.
[11] 肖元梅.脑力劳动者脑力负荷评价及其应用研究[D].成都:四川大学,2005.
[12] 姜雨,连玉龙,陶宁,等.职业紧张对油田野外作业工人神经递质水平的影响[J].卫生研究,2015,44(5):771-774.
[13] Blix E,Perski A,Berglund H,et al.Long-term occupational stress is associated with regional reductions in brain tissue volumes[J].PLoS One,2013,8(6):e64065.