新发传染病防控的新措施与理念
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摘要
严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)、埃博拉、寨卡病毒病等传染病疫情的出现和爆发流行,给社会、经济以及人群健康提出了巨大挑战,已经成为重大公共卫生事件和社会问题,因此全球越来越重视对于传染病的预防和控制。早期发现、及时和有效控制新发传染病,是预防和控制传染病蔓延扩散的重要环节。进出口岸检验检疫人员以及医院门诊、急诊科室的一线医护人员,是早期发现和控制传染病扩散的关键。近年来,基于新发、再发传染病防控的经验,提出了零生命体征概念以及早期发现和控制传染病播散的识别、隔离和报告3I和4I系统,构建了更加完善的传染病防控体系。在面对潜在传染病患者时,遵循这些新发传染病防控的新措施与理念,既关系到对患者的及时救治和有效隔离,也关系到医护人员自身的安全和健康,更与防止传染病扩散,保障公共卫生安全密切有关。
The emergence and outbreak of infectious diseases such as SARS, Ebola,and Zika virus diseases pose great challenges to our society, economy, and public health, and have already become a serious public health and social problem. Therefore, prevention and control of infectious diseases are of great and increasing impotance worldwide. Early detection and timely control of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are the key measures for preventing and controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The import and export shore inspection and quarantine personnel as well as front-line health care workers in hospital and emergency department play a critical role. In recent years, based on the experience of prevention and control of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, some new ideas and tools have been proposed including the concept of zero sign and the 31(identify-isolate-inform) and 41(initiate-identify-isolate-inform) systems,which have built up a more effective network for prevention and control of infectious disease. When facing possible infectious patients, correct and effective measures for identification, isolation and reporting of infectious diseases are not only important for prompt and effective treatment, and isolation of patients, but also for the safety and health of medical personnel, which in turn can prevent the spread of infectious diseases and ensure public health and safety.
The emergence and outbreak of infectious diseases such as SARS, Ebola,and Zika virus diseases pose great challenges to our society, economy, and public health, and have already become a serious public health and social problem. Therefore, prevention and control of infectious diseases are of great and increasing impotance worldwide. Early detection and timely control of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases are the key measures for preventing and controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The import and export shore inspection and quarantine personnel as well as front-line health care workers in hospital and emergency department play a critical role. In recent years, based on the experience of prevention and control of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, some new ideas and tools have been proposed including the concept of zero sign and the 31(identify-isolate-inform) and 41(initiate-identify-isolate-inform) systems,which have built up a more effective network for prevention and control of infectious disease. When facing possible infectious patients, correct and effective measures for identification, isolation and reporting of infectious diseases are not only important for prompt and effective treatment, and isolation of patients, but also for the safety and health of medical personnel, which in turn can prevent the spread of infectious diseases and ensure public health and safety.
引文
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[11]Koenig KL,Shastry S,Burns MJ.Hepatitis A Virus:Essential Knowledge and a Novel Identify-Isolate-Inform Tool for Frontline Healthcare Providers[J].West J Emerg Med,2017,18(6):1000-1007.
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[15]Koenig KL.Identify,isolate,inform:a 3-pronged approach to management of public health emergencies[J].Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2015,9(1):86-87.2018-05-04
[2]Koenig KL.Ebola Triage Screening and Public Health:The New“Vital Sign Zero”[J].Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2015,9(1):57-58.
[3]Koenig KL,Shastry S,Mzahim B,et al.Mumps Virus:Modification of the Identify-Isolate-Inform Tool for Frontline Healthcare Providers[J].West J Emerg Med,2016,17(5):490-496.
[4]Koenig KL,Wajdan A,Burns MJ.Identify-Isolate-Inform:ATool for Initial Detection and Management of Measles Patients in the Emergency Department[J].West J Emerg Med,2015,16(2):212-219.
[5]Kisting S,Wilburn S,Protsiv M,et al.Improving health workers′access to HIV and TB prevention,treatment,care and support services[J].World Hosp Health Serv,2010,46(4):34-35.
[6]Hemorrhagic Fever E.Health care workers:could it be Ebola[EB/OL].Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola,2014.https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/25713
[7]http://world.people.com.cn/n/2014/0827/c157278-25544779.html
[8]Koenig KL.Health care worker quarantine for Ebola:to eradicate the virus or alleviate fear[J]?Ann Emerg Med,2015,65(3):330-331.
[9]dentify,Isolate,Inform:ambulatory care evaluation and management of patients with possible Ebola virus disease[EB/OL].Ambulatory Care Facilities,2014.https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/26109
[10]Selvey LA,Ant?o C,Hall R.Evaluation of screening for infectious diseases in humans[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2015,21(2):197-201.
[11]Koenig KL,Shastry S,Burns MJ.Hepatitis A Virus:Essential Knowledge and a Novel Identify-Isolate-Inform Tool for Frontline Healthcare Providers[J].West J Emerg Med,2017,18(6):1000-1007.
[12]Koenig KL.Crisis standard of care is altered care,not an altered standard[J].Ann Emerg Med,2012,59(3):237-238.
[13]Barbisch D,Koenig KL,Shih FY.Is There a Case for Quarantine Perspectives from SARS to Ebola[J].Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2015,9(5):547-553.
[14]Gamage SD,Kravolic SM,Roselle G.Emerging infectious diseases:concepts in preparing for and responding to the next microbial threat[J].Cambridge University Press,2009.
[15]Koenig KL.Identify,isolate,inform:a 3-pronged approach to management of public health emergencies[J].Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2015,9(1):86-87.2018-05-04
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