结直肠癌及其动物模型的研究进展
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摘要
结直肠癌属于常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,发病率与病死率呈逐年上升的趋势,临床上急需有效的治疗和预防措施。动物模型在结直肠癌药理研究中起着关键作用,可以根据实验目的、实验周期、实验技术等因素,选择合适的造模方法。结直肠癌动物模型可分为化学诱发性模型、移植瘤模型和转基因模型。化学诱发性模型发展过程各阶段的特点与人结直肠癌最相似,但肿瘤不易发生转移;移植瘤模型较易操作、成模速度快,属于人工路线并无结直肠癌早期阶段;转基因模型在病因学上更接近结直肠癌的自然发生过程,不过其成瘤率较低,无法应用大量实验研究。
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year. Therefore, effective treatment and prevention measures are urgently needed. Animal models play a key role in the pharmacological research of colorectal cancer. Appropriate modeling methods are selected according to the experimental objectives, experimental cycles, experimental techniques and other factors. The animal models of colorectal cancer can be divided into chemical induced model, transplanted tumor model and transgenic model. The characteristics of chemical evoked model in different stages are most similar to that of human colorectal cancer, but the tumor is not easy to metastasize. The transplanted tumor model is easy to operate and has a fast molding speed. It belongs to artificial route and has no early stage of cancer. The genetically modified model is closer to the natural occurrence of cancer in etiology, but its tumorigenesis rate is low and it can not be applied to a large number of experimental studies.
Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year. Therefore, effective treatment and prevention measures are urgently needed. Animal models play a key role in the pharmacological research of colorectal cancer. Appropriate modeling methods are selected according to the experimental objectives, experimental cycles, experimental techniques and other factors. The animal models of colorectal cancer can be divided into chemical induced model, transplanted tumor model and transgenic model. The characteristics of chemical evoked model in different stages are most similar to that of human colorectal cancer, but the tumor is not easy to metastasize. The transplanted tumor model is easy to operate and has a fast molding speed. It belongs to artificial route and has no early stage of cancer. The genetically modified model is closer to the natural occurrence of cancer in etiology, but its tumorigenesis rate is low and it can not be applied to a large number of experimental studies.
引文
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[13]郭青戈,郭勇.复方藤梨根制剂抑制小鼠结肠癌人工转移实验研究[J].浙江中西医结合杂志, 2014, 24(10):858-861, 945.
[14] LIAO H W, HUNG M C. Intracaecal Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model[J]. Bio Protoc, 2017, 7(11).
[15]谭小宁,李勇敏,罗吉,等.健脾消癌方对人结直肠癌裸鼠移植模型肿瘤组织上皮间质转化及转化生长因子β的影响[J].中医杂志, 2017, 58(24):2137-2140.
[16] CHEN H H, ZHENG Y N, et al. Advancements in Modeling Colorectal Cancer in Rodents[J]. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports, 2016, 12(5):274-280.
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[19]李凌云,张斌豪,张必翔.结肠癌原位瘤模型方法探讨[J].腹部外科, 2016, 29(4):314-318.
[20] FUMAGALLI A, SUIJKERBUIJK S J E, et al. A surgical orthotopic organoid transplantation approach in mice to visualize and study colorectal cancer progression[J]. Nat Protoc, 2018, 13(2):235-247.
[21] TAKEDA H, WEI Z, et al. Transposon mutagenesis identifies genes and evolutionary forces driving gastrointestinal tract tumor progression[J].Nature Genetics, 2015, 47(2):142-150.
[2]陈万青,孙可欣,郑荣寿,等. 2014年中国分地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析[J].中国肿瘤, 2018, 27(1):1-14.
[3]孙钰,严卿莹,阮善明,等.转移性结直肠癌动物模型的研究进展[J].肿瘤学杂志, 2015, 21(4):335-339.
[4]刘艳翠,牛莹莹,安宁.二甲基肼诱发大鼠大肠癌模型的观察[J].医学动物仿制, 2011, 27(6):519-520
[5]MARION L, SILVINA D C, et al. Lactobacillus casei BL23regulates Tregand Th17 T-cell populations and reduces DMHassociated colorectal cancer[J]. Journal of Gastroenterology,2016, 51(9).
[6]LAUREN C, CHARTIER, G HOWARTH S, et al. Emu oil improves clinical indicators of disease in a mouse model of colitis-associated colorectal cancer[J]. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2018, 63(1):135-145.
[7] LIPPERT E, RUEMMELE P, et al. Anthocyanins Prevent Colorectal Cancer Development in a Mouse Model[J].Digestion, 2017, 95(4):275-280.
[8]侯冰宗,周少朋,余水平,等.二甲基肼诱导高龄SD大鼠结直肠癌肝转移的初步研究[J].消化肿瘤杂志(电子版),2011, 3(4):251-254.
[9]JIANG T, PIAO D X, et al. Changes in T lymphocyte subsets in mice with CT26 colon tumors after treatment with donor lymphocyte infusion[J]. Int Society Oncol BioMarkers, 2014,35(6):5599-5605.
[10]张晓川,唐树尧,李吉友,等.移植物抗肿瘤效应抗大肠癌的实验研究[J].实用癌症杂志, 2017, 32(6):875-878.
[11]李斌,何晓东,李嘉琳,等.格列吡嗪对小鼠结直肠癌肝转移的作用及机制[J].广东医学, 2016, 37(9):1265-1268.
[12]臧怡雯,陈宗祐.构建大肠癌转移动物模型的研究进展[J].医学综述, 2012, 18(16):2587-2590.
[13]郭青戈,郭勇.复方藤梨根制剂抑制小鼠结肠癌人工转移实验研究[J].浙江中西医结合杂志, 2014, 24(10):858-861, 945.
[14] LIAO H W, HUNG M C. Intracaecal Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model[J]. Bio Protoc, 2017, 7(11).
[15]谭小宁,李勇敏,罗吉,等.健脾消癌方对人结直肠癌裸鼠移植模型肿瘤组织上皮间质转化及转化生长因子β的影响[J].中医杂志, 2017, 58(24):2137-2140.
[16] CHEN H H, ZHENG Y N, et al. Advancements in Modeling Colorectal Cancer in Rodents[J]. Current Colorectal Cancer Reports, 2016, 12(5):274-280.
[17] SAMUEL A, MANUEL H, et al. Kung. Examining the utility of patient-derived xenograft mouse models[J]. Nature Reviews Cancer, 2015, 15(5):311.
[18] BURGENSKE D M, et al. Establishment of genetically diverse patient-derived xenografts of colorectal cancer[J].American Journal of Cancer Research, 2014, 4(6):824-837.
[19]李凌云,张斌豪,张必翔.结肠癌原位瘤模型方法探讨[J].腹部外科, 2016, 29(4):314-318.
[20] FUMAGALLI A, SUIJKERBUIJK S J E, et al. A surgical orthotopic organoid transplantation approach in mice to visualize and study colorectal cancer progression[J]. Nat Protoc, 2018, 13(2):235-247.
[21] TAKEDA H, WEI Z, et al. Transposon mutagenesis identifies genes and evolutionary forces driving gastrointestinal tract tumor progression[J].Nature Genetics, 2015, 47(2):142-150.