论采矿权人生态修复的法律责任
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摘要
在法律上赋予采矿权人生态修复义务,在其不履行相关义务或履行不符时追究生态修复责任,具有正当、充分的法理基础,包括企业社会责任、公平原则、生态原则、损害担责原则;但是采矿权人承担生态修复责任须具备以下条件:采矿行为导致了矿区或周边区域的生态损害,采矿行为违反法律规定;违反生态修复义务是采矿权人承担生态修复责任的前提条件;采矿权人承担生态修复责任的实际修复主体可以是第三方,修复方式主要包括土地复垦、植被恢复、矿坑回填或加固、开发矿区生态公园等,无论何种方式,皆须遵守生态规律,以生态利益最大化为目标;但生态修复责任之承担以充足、可靠的修复费用为保障。
According to the law, the mining-right holder has the duty of ecological restoration, and if he fails to perform the relevant obligation or does not perform properly, it has a legitimate and sufficient legal basis to investigate and affix his liability of ecological restoration, including corporate social responsibility, fair principle, ecological principle and principle of liability for damage; However, that should have the following conditions for the mining-right holder to bear the liability of ecological restoration: mining behavior leads to ecological damage in the mining area or the surrounding area, and mining behavior violates the legal provisions; Violation of the obligation of ecological restoration is the prerequisite for mining-right holder to bear the responsibility of ecological restoration; A third party may be the body of the actual restoration, the modes of ecological restoration includes land reclamation, vegetation restoration, pit backfilling or reinforcement, ecological park in mining area, and so on,anyway it is essential to maximize ecological benefits as the goal and observe ecological laws; However, the responsibility of ecological restoration is guaranteed by adequate and reliable restoration costs.
According to the law, the mining-right holder has the duty of ecological restoration, and if he fails to perform the relevant obligation or does not perform properly, it has a legitimate and sufficient legal basis to investigate and affix his liability of ecological restoration, including corporate social responsibility, fair principle, ecological principle and principle of liability for damage; However, that should have the following conditions for the mining-right holder to bear the liability of ecological restoration: mining behavior leads to ecological damage in the mining area or the surrounding area, and mining behavior violates the legal provisions; Violation of the obligation of ecological restoration is the prerequisite for mining-right holder to bear the responsibility of ecological restoration; A third party may be the body of the actual restoration, the modes of ecological restoration includes land reclamation, vegetation restoration, pit backfilling or reinforcement, ecological park in mining area, and so on,anyway it is essential to maximize ecological benefits as the goal and observe ecological laws; However, the responsibility of ecological restoration is guaranteed by adequate and reliable restoration costs.
引文
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[4]左传卫.公司社会责任理论述评[J].湖南社会科学,2010(4).
[5]章辉美,张坤.企业社会责任理论的演化与发展趋势[J].学习与探索,2012(11).
[6]张文显.法理学[M].北京:法律出版社,1997:325.
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