空间分布的火灾室内通行网络脆弱性分析模型
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摘要
为了解决当前研究缺乏对室内通行网络受到火灾空间发展影响的量化描述这一难题,该文一方面从网络脆弱性角度入手,探讨火灾背景下室内通行网络通过指标描述的演化趋势;另一方面从欧式距离等空间分布特征指标入手,描述通行网络的疏散效能改变。为了完成前一任务,针对性的引入网络特性指标;为了达到后一个目标,构建以空间距离为核心的空间网络特性指标体系。除此之外,还深入对比了不同火灾发展阶段的网络演化对于相关指标的影响。之后通过大型综合建筑进行场景验证,分析其通行网络疏散效果并针对性地提出改进建议。
In order to solve the problem of lack of quantitative description of the impact of indoor network on fire space development,besides the evaluation of the fire impact on network robustness evaluation,firstly a classical graph index model was introduced which used Euclidean distance and other spatial distribution characteristics to depict the crucial feature of indoor navigation network in this paper;secondly,a spatial index evaluation model was proposed which constructed spatial network feature index system with spatial distance as its core to depict the evacuation efficiency imposed by the spatial fire disaster development.Then,a complex building scene was used to testify the proposed model,and several pieces of evacuation efficiency improvement advice were provided to increase the robustness of the indoor navigation network.
In order to solve the problem of lack of quantitative description of the impact of indoor network on fire space development,besides the evaluation of the fire impact on network robustness evaluation,firstly a classical graph index model was introduced which used Euclidean distance and other spatial distribution characteristics to depict the crucial feature of indoor navigation network in this paper;secondly,a spatial index evaluation model was proposed which constructed spatial network feature index system with spatial distance as its core to depict the evacuation efficiency imposed by the spatial fire disaster development.Then,a complex building scene was used to testify the proposed model,and several pieces of evacuation efficiency improvement advice were provided to increase the robustness of the indoor navigation network.
引文
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[21]张勇,杨晓光.城市路网的复杂网络特性及可靠性仿真分析[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(2):464-467,513.(ZHANG Yong,YANG Xiaoguang.Complex network property and reliability simulation analysis of urban street networks[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(2):464-467,513.)
[22]施家城,谭露,胡明远,等.顾及人员空间知识差异的建筑物应急疏散研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(1):170-176.(SHI Jiacheng,TAN Lu,HU Mingyuan,et al.Building evacuation analysis considering human spatial knowledge[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(1):170-176.)
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[2]朱庆,胡明远,许伟平,等.面向火灾动态疏散的三维建筑信息模型[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2014,39(7):762-766,872.(ZHU Qing,HU Mingyuan,XU Weiping,et al.3Dbuilding information model for facilitating dynamic analysis of indoor fire emergency[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(7):762-766,872.)
[3] TANG F Q,REN A.GIS-based 3Devacuation simulation for indoor fire[J].Building and Environment,2012,49(1):193-202.
[4] ZENG Y Y,SREENAN C J,SITANAYAH L,et al.An emergency-adaptive routing scheme for wireless sensor networks for building fire hazard monitoring[J].Sensors,2011,11(3):2899-2919.
[5]黄大荣,沈利兵,赵玲.基于复杂网络理论的城市路网脆弱性研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2015,34(1):110-115.(HUANG Darong,SHEN Libing,ZHAO Ling.Vulnerability analysis of urban road network based on complex network theory[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2015,34(1):110-115.)
[6]宗跃光,陈眉舞,杨伟,等.基于复杂网络理论的城市交通网络结构特征[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2009,39(4):910-915.(ZONG Yueguang,CHEN Meiwu,YANG Wei,et al.Structure characteristic of urban composite traffic network based on complex network theory[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2009,39(4):910-915.)
[7]赵玲,邓敏,王佳璆,等.基于复杂网络理论的城市路网结构特性分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2010,26(5):11-15.(ZHAO Ling,DENG Min,WANG Jiaqiu,et al.Structural property analysis of urban street networks based on complex network theory[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2010,26(5):11-15.)
[8] SOHN I.Small-world and scale-free network models for IoT systems[J].Mobile Information Systems,2017(61):1-9.
[9] LIU J,XIONG Q Y,SHI W R,et al.Evaluating the importance of nodes in complex networks[J].Physica A:Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications,2016,452:209-219.
[10]JENELIUS E,MATTSSON L G.Road network vulnerability analysis:conceptualization,implementation and application[J].Computers,Environment and Urban Systems,2015,49:136-147.
[11]LESKOVEC J,KLEINBERG J,FALOUTSOS C.Graph evolution:densification and shrinking diameters[J].ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data,2007,1(1):2.
[12]LESKOVEC J,LANG K J,DASGUPTA A,et al.Community structure in large networks:natural cluster sizes and the absence of large well-defined clusters[J].Internet Mathematics,2009,6(1):29-123.
[13]郝川,李英涛,张中兆,等.通信网络的拓扑可靠性分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,1997,29(1):87-89.(HAO Chuan,LI Yingtao,ZHAO Zhongzhao,et al.Analysis of the reliability of communication network topologies[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,1997,29(1):87-89.)
[14]GONZALEZ J E,LOW Y,GU H,et al.Powergraph:distributed graph-parallel computation on natural graphs[C]∥Proceedings of the 10th USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation.Berkeley,CA,USA:USENIX Association,2012:17-30.
[15]寇玮华,李宗平.运输网络中有流量需求的转运结点最大流分配算法[J].西南交通大学学报,2009,44(1):118-121.(KOU Weihua,LI Zongping.Maximum flow assignment algorithm for transshipment nodes with flow demands in transportation network[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2009,44(1):118-121.)
[16]丁雨淋,何小波,朱庆,等.实时威胁态势感知的室内火灾疏散路径动态优化方法[J].测绘学报,2016,45(12):1464-1475.(DING Yulin,HE Xiaobo,ZHU Qing,et al.A dynamic optimization method of indoor fire evacuation route based on real-time situation awareness[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(12):1464-1475.)
[17]TAN L,HU M Y,LIN H.Agent-based simulation of building evacuation:combining human behavior with predictable spatial accessibility in a fire emergency[J].Information Sciences,2015,295:53-66.
[18]TANG H J,ELALOUF A,LEVNER E,et al.Efficient computation of evacuation routes on a three-dimensional geometric network[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2014,76(C):231-242.
[19]李树彬,吴建军,高自友,等.基于复杂网络的交通拥堵与传播动力学分析[J].物理学报,2011,60(5):050701-1-050701-9.(LI Shubin,WU Jianjun,GAO Ziyou,et al.The analysis of traffic congestion and dynamic propagation properties based on complex network[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2011,60(5):050701-1-050701-9.)
[20]杜斐,黄宏伟,张东明,等.上海轨道交通网络的复杂网络特性及鲁棒性研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2016,49(5):701-707.(DU Fei,HUANG Hongwei,ZHANG Dongming,et al.Analysis of characteristics of complex network and robustness in Shanghai metro network[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2016,49(5):701-707.)
[21]张勇,杨晓光.城市路网的复杂网络特性及可靠性仿真分析[J].系统仿真学报,2008,20(2):464-467,513.(ZHANG Yong,YANG Xiaoguang.Complex network property and reliability simulation analysis of urban street networks[J].Journal of System Simulation,2008,20(2):464-467,513.)
[22]施家城,谭露,胡明远,等.顾及人员空间知识差异的建筑物应急疏散研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(1):170-176.(SHI Jiacheng,TAN Lu,HU Mingyuan,et al.Building evacuation analysis considering human spatial knowledge[J].China Safety Science Journal,2014,24(1):170-176.)
[23]MA J,SONG W G,TIAN W,et al.Experimental study on an ultra high-rise building evacuation in China[J].Safety Science,2012,50(8):1665-1674.