改性城市污泥水热炭对铜和镉的吸附实验
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摘要
水热碳化作为废弃生物质资源化利用的新兴工艺技术,可弥补我国城市污泥资源化处理方式的不足。实验研究了反应温度和时间对污泥水热产物性质的影响,并探究了水热炭通过KOH改性后对溶液重金属的吸附性能。结果表明:提高温度和延长时间有利于提升水热炭稳定程度与吸附性能;综合考量吸附效果与制备成本,确定水热碳化反应温度220℃和反应时间1 h为最佳反应条件;水热炭活化后对溶液中铜和镉的吸附性能良好,饱和吸附量分别达到49. 89,52. 04 mg/g,吸附过程可用Lagergren伪二级动力学模型和Langmuir/Freundlich吸附等温模型进行较好地拟合。
As an emerging recycling treatment process of biomass waste,hydrothermal carbonization can make up for the shortage of recycling disposal of municipal sludge in China. The experiment studied the influence of reaction temperature and time on the properties of hydrothermal products from sludge,and the absorption properties of hydrochar for heavy metals in solution after KOH modification. The results indicated that the increase of temperature and time was beneficial for the improvement of stability and adsorption properties of the hydrochar. After comprehensive consideration of the adsorption effect and preparation cost,it was determined that the optimal reaction condition was 220 ℃-1 h. The hydrochar after activation showed high adsorption properties for copper and cadmium in solution,for which the saturated adsorption capacities were up to49. 89,52. 04 mg/g,respectively. The adsorption process can be well fitted by Lagergren pseudo-second-order dynamic model as well as Langmuir/Freundlich adsorption isotherm model.
As an emerging recycling treatment process of biomass waste,hydrothermal carbonization can make up for the shortage of recycling disposal of municipal sludge in China. The experiment studied the influence of reaction temperature and time on the properties of hydrothermal products from sludge,and the absorption properties of hydrochar for heavy metals in solution after KOH modification. The results indicated that the increase of temperature and time was beneficial for the improvement of stability and adsorption properties of the hydrochar. After comprehensive consideration of the adsorption effect and preparation cost,it was determined that the optimal reaction condition was 220 ℃-1 h. The hydrochar after activation showed high adsorption properties for copper and cadmium in solution,for which the saturated adsorption capacities were up to49. 89,52. 04 mg/g,respectively. The adsorption process can be well fitted by Lagergren pseudo-second-order dynamic model as well as Langmuir/Freundlich adsorption isotherm model.
引文
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[2] Basso D,Patuzzi F,Castello D,et al. Agro-industrial waste to solid biofuel through hydrothermal carbonization[J]. Waste Management,2016,47:114-121.
[3] Minaret J,Dutta A. Comparison of liquid and vapor hydrothermal carbonization of corn husk for the use as a solid fuel[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,200:804-811.
[4] Sabio E,lvarez-Murillo A,Román,S,et al. Conversion of tomato-peel waste into solid fuel by hydrothermal carbonization:influence of the processing variables[J]. Waste Management,2016,47:122-132.
[5] Zhang H,Zhang F Y,Huang Q. Highly effective removal of malachite green from aqueous solution by hydrochar derived from phycocyanin-extracted algal bloom residues through hydrothermal carbonization[J]. Rsc Advances,2017,7:5790-5799.
[6] Sevilla M,Fuertes A B. The production of carbon materials by hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose[J]. Carbon,2009,47(9):2281-2289.
[7] Falco C,Baccile N,Titirici M M. Morphological and structural differences between glucose,cellulose and lignocellulosic biomass derived hydrothermal carbons[J]. Green Chemistry,2011,13(11):3273-3281.
[8] He C,Giannis A,Wang J. Conversion of sewage sludge to clean solid fuel using hydrothermal carbonization:hydrochar fuel characteristics and combustion behavior[J]. Applied Energy,2013,111:257-266.
[9] Zhou N,Chen H G,Xi J T,et al. Biochars with excellent Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption property produced from fresh and dehydrated banana peels via hydrothermal carbonization[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,232:204-210.
[10] Kim D, Lee K, Park K Y. Hydrothermal carbonization of anaerobically digested sludge for solid fuel production and energy recovery[J]. Fuel,2014,130(15):120-125.
[11] Rehrah D,Bansode R R,Hassan O,et al. Physico-chemical characterization of biochars from solid municipal waste for use in soil amendment[J]. Journal of Analytical&Applied Pyrolysis,2016,118:42-53.
[12] Hu Z,Shen Z,Yu J C. Converting carbohydrates to carbon-based photocatalysts for environmental treatment[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2017,51(12):7076-7083.
[13] Wang Y, Jiang L. Roles of graphene oxide in hydrothermal carbonization and microwave irradiation of distiller’s dried grains with solubles to produce supercapacitor electrodes[J]. Acs Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2017,5(6):5588-5597.
[14] Zhu G T,Xing X J,Wang J Q,et al. Effect of acid and hydrothermal treatments on the dye adsorption properties of biomass-derived activated carbon[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(13):1-13.
[15] Regmi P,Moscoso J L G,Kumar S,et al. Removal of copper and cadmium from aqueous solution using switchgrass biochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization process[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2012,109(17):61-69.
[16] Tessier A,Campbell P G C,Bisson M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[17]韩露,李开喜,高峰.工艺参数及灰分对煤基活性炭吸附性能的影响[J].煤炭转化,2008,31(3):71-76.
[18] Nightingale Jr E R. Phenomenological theory of ion solvation.Effective radii of hydrated ions[J]. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta,1959,63(9):566-567.