联合灰度突变和方向约束的浅剖层位自动拾取
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摘要
针对目前浅地层剖面数据处理中层位人工拾取法存在的低效和受人为因素影响显著等问题以及半自动拾取法人工参与频繁的现状,提出了一种利用灰度突变和层位方向约束的浅地层层位自动拾取方法。首先,根据回波序列对浅地层层位的峰谷响应,给出了基于灰度突变的层位预拾取方法;其次,基于连续原则,提出了层位追踪和滤波方法,实现了离散层位点连续化和异常点剔除;然后,顾及同层位ping序列相关性及层位方向,提出了基于方向约束的层位生长法,实现了间断层位连接;最后,在此基础上给出层位拾取流程,并借助实验进行了验证。
In sub-bottom profile data processing, the artificial picking method is inefficient and can be influenced by human factors significantly, and the semi-automatic picking method needs the human intervention and the accuracy is low. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a method of using gray scale mutation and constraint of horizon direction to pick sub-bottom horizon automatically. Firstly, a pre-pick method based on gray scale mutation is used. Secondly, based on the continuity principle, a method of horizon tracking and filtering is proposed, which realizes the connecting of discrete horizon and filtering out of the irregular horizons. And then, taking the correlation of the ping sequence and horizon direction into consideration, a horizon growth method based on the direction constraint is proposed to realize the connectivity of discontinuous horizon. Finally, the process of horizon picking is given, and the results are verified by experiment.
In sub-bottom profile data processing, the artificial picking method is inefficient and can be influenced by human factors significantly, and the semi-automatic picking method needs the human intervention and the accuracy is low. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a method of using gray scale mutation and constraint of horizon direction to pick sub-bottom horizon automatically. Firstly, a pre-pick method based on gray scale mutation is used. Secondly, based on the continuity principle, a method of horizon tracking and filtering is proposed, which realizes the connecting of discrete horizon and filtering out of the irregular horizons. And then, taking the correlation of the ping sequence and horizon direction into consideration, a horizon growth method based on the direction constraint is proposed to realize the connectivity of discontinuous horizon. Finally, the process of horizon picking is given, and the results are verified by experiment.
引文
[1] Zhao Tiehu. Submarine High-resolutioned Acoustic Detection and the Application[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2011(赵铁虎. 海底高分辨率声学探测及其应用[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2011)
[2] Mohamed S, Mostafa R. Seabed Sub-bottom Sediment Classification Using Parametric Sub-bottom Profiler[J]. NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, 2016, 5(1): 87-95
[3] Maroni C,Quinquis A, Vinson S, et al. Horizon Picking on Sub-bottom Profiles Using Multiresolution Analysis[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2001, 11(4): 269-287
[4] Ding Weifeng, Pan Guofu, Gou Zhengkang. The Research of Interactive Auto Pickup of Seismic Enents Based on Energy Ratio and Cross-Correlation[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2012, 34(3) :88-91(丁维凤, 潘国富, 苟铮慷. 基于能量比与互相关法的地震剖面反射同相轴交互自动拾取研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2012, 34(3): 88-91)
[5] Li Peng, Feng Xuan, Wang Dian, et al.Auto Tracking the Syncphase Axis of Seismic Profiles[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2008, 38(S1): 76-79(李鹏, 冯晅, 王典,等. 地震剖面同相轴自动追踪技术研究[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008, 38(S1):76-79)
[6] Hale D, Emanuel J. Atomic Meshing of Seismic Images[C]. 72th SEG Annual Meeting, Salt Lake, USA, 2002
[7] Lomask J, Biondi B, Shragge J, et al. Image Segmentation for Tracking Salt Boundaries[C]. 72th SEG Annual Meeting, Denver, USA, 2004
[8] Amin A,Deriche M. A Hybrid Approach for Salt Dome Detection in 2D and 3D Seismic Data[C]. International Conference on Image Processing, Quebec, Canada, 2015
[9] Deriche M. Robust Salt-Dome Detection Using the Ranking of Texture-Based Attributes[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2016, 13(3): 449-458
[10] Ye Xiufen, Wang Xingmei, Zhang Zhehui, et al. Sonar Imagery Segmentation Algorithm by Improved MRF Parameter Model[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2009, 30(7): 768-774(叶秀芬, 王兴梅, 张哲会,等. 改进MRF参数模型的声呐图像分割方法[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009, 30(7): 768-774)
[11] Zhao Jianhu, Wang Xiao, Zhang Hongmei, et al. The Neutrosophic Set and Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm of Side Scan Sonar Image Segmentation[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(8): 935-942(赵建虎, 王晓, 张红梅,等. 侧扫声呐图像分割的中性集合与量子粒子群算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(8): 935-942)
[12] Li Zhiwen, Song Wei, Xiao Boxun, et al. Application of Hilbert Transform and Wavelet Transform to Data Processing of Ground Penetrating Radar[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics, 2012,9(4):428-432(李枝文, 宋伟, 肖柏勋, 等. Hilbert变换与小波变换在探地雷达资料处理中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报, 2012, 9(4): 428-432)
[13] Liu Lu. Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Intra-class Distance and Inter-class Distance and Its Application in Image Segmentation[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2016(刘璐. 基于类内类间距离的模糊聚类算法及图像分割应用[D]. 西安: 西安邮电大学, 2016)
[14] Liu Xiujuan, Gao Shu, Zhao Tiehu. The Recognition of the Seabed Reflection Signal and the Automatic Picking Up of Seabed to Pography from the Original Data of Sub-bottom Profile[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2009, 33(5): 576-579(刘秀娟, 高抒, 赵铁虎. 浅地层剖面原始数据中海底反射信号的识别及海底地形的自动提取[J]. 物探与化探, 2009, 33(5): 576-579)
[15] Zhao Jianhu, Feng Jie, Shi Feng, et al. Demarcation of the Sub-bottom Subcutaneous Layers Based on Image Processing Techniques[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2016, 45(2): 411-417(赵建虎, 冯杰, 施凤,等. 基于图像处理技术的浅地层层位划分方法[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2016, 45(2): 411-417)
[16] Yue Baojing. The Processing Method and Application of Single Channel Seismic[D]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010(岳保静. 单道地震资料处理方法及应用[D]. 青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所, 2010)
[17] Chen Jian, Zheng Shaohua, Yu Lun, et al. Improved Algorithm for Adaptive Median Filter with Multi-threshold Based on Directional Information[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, 2013, 27(2): 156-161(陈健, 郑绍华, 余轮,等. 基于方向的多阈值自适应中值滤波改进算法[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2013, 27(2): 156-161)
[18] Yang Shuying, Zhang Hua. Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Computing—MATLAB Technology[M]. Beijing: Electronic Industry Press,2015: 30(杨淑莹, 张桦. 模式识别与智能计算——MATLAB技术实现[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2015: 30)
[2] Mohamed S, Mostafa R. Seabed Sub-bottom Sediment Classification Using Parametric Sub-bottom Profiler[J]. NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics, 2016, 5(1): 87-95
[3] Maroni C,Quinquis A, Vinson S, et al. Horizon Picking on Sub-bottom Profiles Using Multiresolution Analysis[J]. Digital Signal Processing, 2001, 11(4): 269-287
[4] Ding Weifeng, Pan Guofu, Gou Zhengkang. The Research of Interactive Auto Pickup of Seismic Enents Based on Energy Ratio and Cross-Correlation[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2012, 34(3) :88-91(丁维凤, 潘国富, 苟铮慷. 基于能量比与互相关法的地震剖面反射同相轴交互自动拾取研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2012, 34(3): 88-91)
[5] Li Peng, Feng Xuan, Wang Dian, et al.Auto Tracking the Syncphase Axis of Seismic Profiles[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2008, 38(S1): 76-79(李鹏, 冯晅, 王典,等. 地震剖面同相轴自动追踪技术研究[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008, 38(S1):76-79)
[6] Hale D, Emanuel J. Atomic Meshing of Seismic Images[C]. 72th SEG Annual Meeting, Salt Lake, USA, 2002
[7] Lomask J, Biondi B, Shragge J, et al. Image Segmentation for Tracking Salt Boundaries[C]. 72th SEG Annual Meeting, Denver, USA, 2004
[8] Amin A,Deriche M. A Hybrid Approach for Salt Dome Detection in 2D and 3D Seismic Data[C]. International Conference on Image Processing, Quebec, Canada, 2015
[9] Deriche M. Robust Salt-Dome Detection Using the Ranking of Texture-Based Attributes[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2016, 13(3): 449-458
[10] Ye Xiufen, Wang Xingmei, Zhang Zhehui, et al. Sonar Imagery Segmentation Algorithm by Improved MRF Parameter Model[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2009, 30(7): 768-774(叶秀芬, 王兴梅, 张哲会,等. 改进MRF参数模型的声呐图像分割方法[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2009, 30(7): 768-774)
[11] Zhao Jianhu, Wang Xiao, Zhang Hongmei, et al. The Neutrosophic Set and Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm of Side Scan Sonar Image Segmentation[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(8): 935-942(赵建虎, 王晓, 张红梅,等. 侧扫声呐图像分割的中性集合与量子粒子群算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(8): 935-942)
[12] Li Zhiwen, Song Wei, Xiao Boxun, et al. Application of Hilbert Transform and Wavelet Transform to Data Processing of Ground Penetrating Radar[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics, 2012,9(4):428-432(李枝文, 宋伟, 肖柏勋, 等. Hilbert变换与小波变换在探地雷达资料处理中的应用[J]. 工程地球物理学报, 2012, 9(4): 428-432)
[13] Liu Lu. Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Intra-class Distance and Inter-class Distance and Its Application in Image Segmentation[D]. Xi’an: Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2016(刘璐. 基于类内类间距离的模糊聚类算法及图像分割应用[D]. 西安: 西安邮电大学, 2016)
[14] Liu Xiujuan, Gao Shu, Zhao Tiehu. The Recognition of the Seabed Reflection Signal and the Automatic Picking Up of Seabed to Pography from the Original Data of Sub-bottom Profile[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2009, 33(5): 576-579(刘秀娟, 高抒, 赵铁虎. 浅地层剖面原始数据中海底反射信号的识别及海底地形的自动提取[J]. 物探与化探, 2009, 33(5): 576-579)
[15] Zhao Jianhu, Feng Jie, Shi Feng, et al. Demarcation of the Sub-bottom Subcutaneous Layers Based on Image Processing Techniques[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2016, 45(2): 411-417(赵建虎, 冯杰, 施凤,等. 基于图像处理技术的浅地层层位划分方法[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2016, 45(2): 411-417)
[16] Yue Baojing. The Processing Method and Application of Single Channel Seismic[D]. Qingdao: Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2010(岳保静. 单道地震资料处理方法及应用[D]. 青岛:中国科学院海洋研究所, 2010)
[17] Chen Jian, Zheng Shaohua, Yu Lun, et al. Improved Algorithm for Adaptive Median Filter with Multi-threshold Based on Directional Information[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, 2013, 27(2): 156-161(陈健, 郑绍华, 余轮,等. 基于方向的多阈值自适应中值滤波改进算法[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2013, 27(2): 156-161)
[18] Yang Shuying, Zhang Hua. Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Computing—MATLAB Technology[M]. Beijing: Electronic Industry Press,2015: 30(杨淑莹, 张桦. 模式识别与智能计算——MATLAB技术实现[M]. 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2015: 30)