Environnement familial et disparit茅s de sant茅 dentaire des enfants en milieu urbain au Burkina Faso

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• 作者：B. Varenne^a ; ^b ; ^{varenneb@afro.who.int} ; F. Fournet^a ; ^c ; E. Cadot^d ; P. Msellati^e ; H.Z. Ouedraogo^f ; P.E. Meyer^a ; J.-F. Cornu^a ; G. Salem^g ; ^h ; P.E. Petersenⁱ
• 关键词：Africa ; Urbanization ; Dental caries ; Fluorides ; Chronic disease ; Health transition ; Social environment
• 刊名：Revue d'脡pid茅miologie et de Sant茅 Publique
• 出版年：2011
• 期刊代码：pca329_03987620
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：December 2011
• 卷：59
• 期：6
• 页码：385-392
• 文件大小：294 K

摘要

Background

Dental caries is the most common multifactorial disease in children and has substantial negative impact on daily life. In sub-Saharan Africa, few data are available on the relationship between dental caries and the social and family environment of children. The objectives of the present study were firstly to assess the level of prevalence and severity of dental caries of children in Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso and secondly to determine whether or not individual factors, family and living conditions are linked with dental health disparities within the population.

Methods

Interview and clinical data were obtained from a household-based cross-sectional survey. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was applied in four areas of Ouagadougou representing different stages of urbanization.

Results

The final study population included 1606 children aged 6鈥?2 years. For the overall group the total caries prevalence rate was 48.2%. Results showed that the dental health status of the mother, social integration of the householder and socioeconomic level of the household were associated with the dental health of children. Disparities in dental health were prominent; poor dental health was relatively frequent in children from households poorly integrated into social networks with rather acceptable standard in terms of material wealth.

Conclusion

Our study showed that individual factors as well as family-related and environmental factors had an influence on their caries experience. The rapidly changing lifestyle affects oral health and the burden of oral diseases is expected to increase initially in people of upper classes and later in disadvantaged people. Disease prevention focussing on common risk factors of chronic diseases should be enhanced. In addition, the accessibility of quality fluoride products (e.g. toothpaste, salt, water) should be facilitated as soon as possible.