Fish Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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• 作者：Shengjun Wu ; MD ; PhD^b ; ^鈦?/sup> ; Bin Feng ; MD^a ; ^鈦?/sup> ; Kai Li ; MD^a ; ^鈦?/sup> ; Xia Zhu ; PhD^b ; Shuhui Liang ; MD ; PhD^a ; Xufeng Liu ; MD ; PhD^b ; Shuang Han ; MD ; PhD^a ; Biaoluo Wang ; MD ; PhD^a ; Kaichun Wu ; MD ; PhD^a ; Danmin Miao ; MD ; PhD^b ; Jie Liang ; MD ; PhD^a ; ^{liangjie@fmmu.edu.cn} ; Daiming Fan ; MD ; PhD^a ; ^{fandaim@fmmu.edu.cn}
• 关键词：Colorectal cancer ; Fish consumption ; Random-effects model ; Systematic review and meta-analysis
• 刊名：The American Journal of Medicine
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：6_00029343
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：125
• 期：6
• 页码：551-559.e5
• 文件大小：1455 K

摘要

Background

Fish consumption may protect against colorectal cancer, but results from observational studies are inconsistent; therefore, a systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted.

Methods

Relevant studies were identified by a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to May 2011, with no restrictions. Reference lists from retrieved articles also were reviewed. Studies that reported odds ratio (OR) or relative risk estimates with 95%confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the consumption of fish and the risk of colorectal, colon, or rectal cancer were included. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality. The risk estimate (hazard ratio, relative risk, or OR) of the highest and lowest reported categories of fish intake were extracted from each study and analyzed using a random-effects model.

Results

Twenty-two prospective cohort and 19 case-control studies on fish consumption and colorectal cancer risk met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Our analysis found that fish consumption decreased the risk of colorectal cancer by 12%(summary OR, 0.88; 95%CI, 0.80-0.95). The pooled ORs of colorectal cancer for the highest versus lowest fish consumption in case-control studies and cohort studies were 0.83 (95%CI, 0.72-0.95) and 0.93 (95%CI, 0.86-1.01), respectively. There was heterogeneity among case-control studies (P < .001) but not among cohort studies. A significant inverse association was found between fish intake and rectal cancer (summary OR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.65-0.97), and there was a modest trend seen between fish consumption and colon cancer (summary OR, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.81-1.14). This study had no publication bias.

Conclusion

Our findings from this meta-analysis suggest that fish consumption is inversely associated with colorectal cancer.