Individuals (n = 81) seeking treatment for alcohol dependence were randomized to receive either 12-sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy plus healthy living skills or 12-sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy plus affect regulation training. Participants provided pre- and post- treatment scores on various measures including drinking behaviors and approach and avoidance inclinations to use alcohol.
Results indicated that both approach and avoidance inclinations were uniquely and significantly associated with problem recognition, and that avoidance inclinations were uniquely related to taking steps to make a change in alcohol use at baseline. In addition, avoidance inclinations were positively associated with number of sessions attended with no association found for approach ratings. Finally, results suggested that changes observed in drinking outcomes (drinks/day and%days abstinent) were significantly associated with changes in approach, but not avoidance inclinations.
These findings highlight the importance of measuring both desire to consume and desire to avoid consuming alcohol simultaneously and suggest that avoidance inclinations are associated with treatment initiation and retention, and approach inclinations with positive treatment outcomes.
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