Diversity, distribution, and zoogeography of benthic polychaetes in the Gulf of Mexico

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• 作者：Michael G. Reuscher (1) (2)
  Thomas C. Shirley (2)
  
• 关键词：Polychaetes ; Gulf of Mexico ; Diversity ; Species list ; Feeding guilds ; Biogeography
• 刊名：Marine Biodiversity
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：44
• 期：4
• 页码：519-532
• 全文大小：672 KB
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• 作者单位：Michael G. Reuscher (1) (2)
  Thomas C. Shirley (2)
  
  1. Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5869, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412-5869, USA
  2. Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5800, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412-5800, USA
  
• ISSN：1867-1624

文摘

The polychaete diversity of the Gulf of Mexico was examined using a comprehensive species database. The Gulf of Mexico was divided into four geographic regions and six depth classes; β-diversity between the 24 polygons was calculated with the S?rensen similarity index and analyzed using a cluster analysis and an ordination based on non-metric multidimensional scaling. Both analyses revealed a strong influence of depth on the polychaete assemblages. The polychaete fauna in the southeastern sector was the most distinctive among the four sectors. Each of the 835 polychaete species and subspecies was assigned to a class in the categories “mobility,-“feeding strategy,-and “feeding appendage-and the compositions of the categories throughout different depths were examined. The categories introduced by Fauchald and Jumars (Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 17:193-84, 1979) were amended and the suggested changes discussed. Each species was assigned to a biogeographical class based on their worldwide distributions. Ten percent of the polychaete species were endemic to the Gulf of Mexico. More than 40?% of the species were exclusively found in the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, about one-third of the polychaetes had a wide distribution, and 15?% of all species were restricted to both coasts of the American continent. Below 200?m more than 30?% of the species were endemic. Thorough taxonomic research will be pivotal in fostering our understanding of the Gulf of Mexico polychaete fauna.