Rapid Assessment of Marine Pollution Using Multiple Biomarkers and Chemical Immunoassays

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• 作者：Tamara S. Galloway ; Ross C. Sanger ; Karen L. Smith ; Gilberto Fillmann ; James W. Readman ; Timothy E. Ford ; and Michael H. Depledge
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2002
• 出版时间：May 15, 2002
• 年：2002
• 卷：36
• 期：10
• 页码：2219 - 2226
• 全文大小：105K
• 年卷期：v.36,no.10(May 15, 2002)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

To fully assess the impact of pollutant releases into theenvironment, it is necessary to determine both theconcentration of chemicals accumulating in biota and thebiological effects they give rise to. Owing to time, expertise,and cost constraints, this is, however, rarely achieved. Here,quick, simple to perform, and inexpensive biomarkersand chemical immunoassays were combined in a rapidassessment approach to measure exposure to and effectsof organic and metal pollutants on the ribbed mussel(Geukensia demmissa) from New Bedford Harbor, MA.Significant differences in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)and polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) tissue residueconcentrations were detected among sites using RaPIDimmunoassay. Selected analyses were verified using GC/MS. No significant differences were observed in metalconcentrations (Cu, Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Ni) throughout the area.While causality cannot be attributed, multivariate canonicalcorrelation analysis indicated that PCB and PAH concentrations were strongly associated with the inductionof biomarkers of genotoxicity (micronucleus formation),immunotoxicity (spontaneous cytotoxicity), and physiologicalimpairment (heart rate). It is concluded that the incorporationof chemical immunoassays with biological monitoringtools into routine management procedures is clearly viableand valuable as a means of identifying toxic impacts ofpollutants on biota in situ.