CO2 Deserts: Implications of Existing CO2 Supply Limitations for Carbon Management

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• 作者：Richard S. Middleton ; Andres F. Clarens ; Xiaowei Liu ; Jeffrey M. Bielicki ; Jonathan S. Levine
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：October 7, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：48
• 期：19
• 页码：11713-11720
• 全文大小：375K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change will require deep reductions in anthropogenic CO₂ emissions on the scale of gigatonnes per year. CO₂ capture and utilization and/or storage technologies are a class of approaches that can substantially reduce CO₂ emissions. Even though examples of this approach, such as CO₂-enhanced oil recovery, are already being practiced on a scale >0.05 Gt/year, little attention has been focused on the supply of CO₂ for these projects. Here, facility-scale data newly collected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was processed to produce the first comprehensive map of CO₂ sources from industrial sectors currently supplying CO₂ in the United States. Collectively these sources produce 0.16 Gt/year, but the data reveal the presence of large areas without access to CO₂ at an industrially relevant scale (>25 kt/year). Even though some facilities with the capability to capture CO₂ are not doing so and in some regions pipeline networks are being built to link CO₂ sources and sinks, much of the country exists in 鈥淐O₂ deserts鈥? A life cycle analysis of the sources reveals that the predominant source of CO₂, dedicated wells, has the largest carbon footprint further confounding prospects for rational carbon management strategies.