Model for Hydrothermal Growth of Rutile Wires and the Associated Development of Defect Structures

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• 作者：Andreas Wisnet ; Sophia B. Betzler ; Rachel V. Zucker ; James A. Dorman ; Peter Wagatha ; Sonja Matich ; Eiji Okunishi ; Lukas Schmidt-Mende ; Christina Scheu
• 刊名：Crystal Growth & Design
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：September 3, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：14
• 期：9
• 页码：4658-4663
• 全文大小：469K
• ISSN：1528-7505

文摘

Crystal defects play a major role in determining the electrical properties of semiconductors. Hydrothermally grown TiO₂ rutile nanowire arrays are frequently used as electrodes in photovoltaic devices. However, they exhibit a characteristic defect structure that may compromise performance. A detailed scanning and transmission electron microscopy study of these defects reveals their internal structure and is suggestive at their origin. We propose an anisotropic layer-by-layer growth model, which combined with steric effects and Coulombic repulsion on high atom-density facets, can explain the observed V-shaped defect cascade in the nanowires.