Thioxanthone−Fluorenes as Visible Light Photoinitiators for Free Radical Polymerization

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• 作者：Gorkem Yilmaz ; Binnur Aydogan ; Gokhan Temel ; Nergis Arsu ; Norbert Moszner ; Yusuf Yagci
• 刊名：Macromolecules
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：May 25, 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：43
• 期：10
• 页码：4520-4526
• 全文大小：925K
• 年卷期：v.43,no.10(May 25, 2010)
• ISSN：1520-5835

文摘

Two thioxanthone derivatives with fluorene additional chromophoric groups, namely thioxanthone−fluorenecarboxylic acid (TX-FLCOOH) and thioxanthone−fluorene sodium carboxylate (TX-FLCOONa), as visible light absorbing oil- and water-soluble photoinitiators, respectively, were synthesized and characterized. Their ability to initiate photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-(2-phosphonoethoxymethyl)acrylic acid ethyl ester (EAEPA), and a multifunctional monomer, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), were examined. The initiation efficiency of TX-FLCOOH was compared with the parent thioxantone (TX) both in the presence and in the absence of a co-initiator, and TX-FLCOOH was found to be more effective in all cases. Photopolymerization and laser flash photolysis studies revealed that depending on the concentration initiation by TX-FLCOOH occurs by intra- and intermolecular H-abstraction of the triplet ³(TX-FLCOOH)*. No polymerization was observed when TX-FLCOONa was used as photoinitiator in the absence of a co-initiator. However, TX-FLCOONa acts as an efficient initiator in the visible range in the presence of H donors in water.