The reaction mechanism of Mg2+ and F− co-modification is studied.
F− reacts with LTO to form new impurity phase, such as anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and LiF.
Mg2+ forms a coating layer on the LTO particles.
1 wt% Mg2+ and F− co-modified LTO exhibits excellent capacity and rate capability.
The Mg2+ and F− co-modified LTO samples also present outstanding cycling performance at a high rate of 5C.