Consumption-based emissions accounting in Sweden suggests that decoupling efforts, without reductions in total consumption, can result in displaced global emissions.

Sweden's Generational Goal aims to reduce global climate impacts but presents complex governance challenges.

Sweden's contemporary policy approach is an international extension of decoupling ideology and weak sustainable consumption – both of questionable efficacy for the achievement of the “Generational Goal”.

Consumption-based indicators justify strong sustainable consumption policies that move beyond efficiency gains to recognize the economic, social and environmental benefits of reuse, resale and repair economies.