Mitigation of soot emissions from combustion devices is a global concern. For example, recent EURO 6 regulations for vehicles have placed stringent limits on soot emissions. In order to allow design engineers to achieve the goal of reduced soot emissions, they must have the tools to so. Due to the complex nature of soot for
mation, which includes growth and oxidation, detailed numerical models are required to gain fundamental insights into the mechanisms of soot for
mation. A detailed description of the CoFlame FORTRAN code which models sooting laminar coflow diffusion flames is given. The code solves axial and radial velocity, temperature, species conservation, and soot aggregate and pri
mary particle number density equations. The sectional particle dynamics model includes nucleation, PAH condensation and HACA surface growth, surface oxidation, coagulation, fragmentation, particle diffusion, and thermophoresis. The code utilizes a distributed memory parallelization scheme with strip-do
main decomposition. The public release of the CoFlame code, which has been refined in terms of coding structure, to the research community accompanies this paper. CoFlame is validated against experimental data for reattachment length in an axi-symmetric pipe with a sudden expansion, and ethylene–air and methane–air diffusion flames for multiple soot morphological parameters and gas-phase species. Finally, the parallel perfor
mance and computational costs of the code is investigated.
Program summary
Program title: CoFlame
Catalogue identifier: AFAU_v1_0
Program summary URL:maries/AFAU_v1_0.html">http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AFAU_v1_0.html
Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. Ireland
Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License, version 3
No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 94964
No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 6242986
Distribution format: tar.gz
Programming language: Fortran 90, MPI. (Requires an Intel compiler).
Computer: Workstations.
Operating system: Linux.
RAM: From 16 GB to over 1000 GB depending on size of system being simulated
Classification: 22.
Nature of problem:
Soot formation in laminar diffusion flames with detailed description of thermodynamics, kinetic, and transport data
Solution method:
Finite volume method utilizing the pseudo-transient SIMPLE algorithm and locally coupled chemistry solver
Additional comments:
The code was specifically developed for modeling soot formation in laminar diffusion flames
Running time:
From hours to a month depending on the complexity of the chemical mechanism and the disparity between the initial guess and the final solution.