Bioremediation (bioaugmentation/biostimulation) trials of oil polluted seawater: A mesocosm simulation study

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• 作者：Mehdi Hassanshahian ; Giti Emtiazi ; Gabriella Caruso ; Simone Cappello
• 关键词：Oil spill ; Bioremediation ; Bioaugmentation/biostimulation ; Mesocosm ; Alcanivorax ; Thalassolituus
• 刊名：Marine Environmental Research
• 出版年：April, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：95
• 期：Complete
• 页码：28-38
• 全文大小：1541 K

文摘

Bioaugmentation (amendment with selected bacterial strains) and/or biostimulation (nutrients addition and/or air supply) are relatively new fields in environmental microbiology for preventing pollution and cleanup contamination. In this study, the efficiency of application of bioaugmentation/biostimulation treatments, for recovery of crude oil-polluted seawater, was evaluated. Three different series of experiments were performed in a 鈥淢esocosm Facility鈥?(10.000聽L). Natural seawater was artificially polluted with crude oil (1000聽ppm) and was amended with inorganic nutrients (Mesocosm 1, M1), inorganic nutrient and an inoculum of Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2^T (Mesocosm 2, M2) and inorganic nutrient and an inoculum of A. borkumensis SK2^T and Thalassolituus oleivorans MIL-1^T (Mesocosm 3, M3), respectively. During the experimental period (20 days) bacterial abundance (DAPI count), culturable heterotrophic bacteria (CFU count), MPN, microbial metabolic activity [Biochemical Oxygen Demand and enzymatic activity (leucine aminopeptidase LAP, 尾-glucosidase BG, alkaline phosphatase AP)] and quali-, quantitative analysis of the composition of total extracted and resolved hydrocarbons and their derivates (TERHCs) were carried out. The microbiological and physiological analysis of marine microbial community found during the three different biostimulation and bioaugmentation assays performed in mesocosms show that the load of crude oil increases total microbial abundance, inhibits the activity of some enzymes such as LAP while stimulates both AP and BG activities. The biodegradation results show that bioaugmentation with A.聽borkumensis SK2^T alone is able to produce the highest percentage of degradation (95%) in comparison with the biostimulation treatment (80%) and bioaugmentation using an Alcanivorax-Thalassolituus bacterial consortium (70%). This result highlights the reduced biodegradation capability of the consortium used in this study, suggesting an unfavourable interaction between the two bacterial genera.