云南北衙特大型金矿找矿突破:商业性勘查快速评价的范例
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摘要
北衙金矿找矿突破是一个曲折的过程,50年代勘查铅锌铁矿,70年代发现了金矿,以"红土型"金矿勘查为主,90年代在分析研究前人勘查和科研成果的基础上,对矿床的成因类型认识获得突破:金多金属矿床受岩体、构造、地层三位一体控制,成矿物质主要来源于深部地幔物质,主成矿期为与岩体侵位的喜马拉雅山期,成因类型为斑岩-热液型金矿床。再用岩体+构造+综合异常圈定万硐山为找矿靶区,采用高精磁测定位矿体,钻孔验证发现了斑岩型金矿体,并成功地用商业性地质勘查对金矿床进行了快速勘查评价。
The prospecting breakthrough of the Beiya gold deposit is a tortuous process.In the 1950s,surveys began for lead,zinc and iron ores.Then in the 1970s,gold deposits were found,dominated by the red-soil type.In the 1990s,understanding of the genetic type of deposits has achieved breakthrough based on analysis of previous exploration and scientific research.It is recognized that the Au polymetallic ore deposit is controlled by a trinity of rock mass,structure and strata.The ore-forming materials mainly originate from deep mantle,and the main mineralization stage is the Himalayan period with a porphyry-thermal genetic type.Utilizing the integrated method of using rock mass,structure and multiple anomalies,the Wangtong Shan Mountains was determined to be the target for gold prospecting.Then high-accuracy geomagnetic measurements were adopted to locate ore bodies.Finally,the porphyry-type gold deposit was found by drilling,and evaluation of resource was carried out rapidly for by the commercial geological survey.
The prospecting breakthrough of the Beiya gold deposit is a tortuous process.In the 1950s,surveys began for lead,zinc and iron ores.Then in the 1970s,gold deposits were found,dominated by the red-soil type.In the 1990s,understanding of the genetic type of deposits has achieved breakthrough based on analysis of previous exploration and scientific research.It is recognized that the Au polymetallic ore deposit is controlled by a trinity of rock mass,structure and strata.The ore-forming materials mainly originate from deep mantle,and the main mineralization stage is the Himalayan period with a porphyry-thermal genetic type.Utilizing the integrated method of using rock mass,structure and multiple anomalies,the Wangtong Shan Mountains was determined to be the target for gold prospecting.Then high-accuracy geomagnetic measurements were adopted to locate ore bodies.Finally,the porphyry-type gold deposit was found by drilling,and evaluation of resource was carried out rapidly for by the commercial geological survey.
引文
Cai Xin-ping,Zhao Da-sheng,Liu Bing-guang.1991.Characteris-ties,genesis and target prediction of Au deposit in the Beiya area,western Yunnan[R].Research Report of Institute of Geology of Chi-nese Academy of Sciences:1-51(in Chinese)
Cai Xin-ping.1993.Characteristies,genesis and prospecting of Beiyagold deposit,western Yunnan[M].Beijing:Science Press:132-151(in Chinese)
Chen Yu-chuan,Li Zhao-nai,Wu Rui-shen.2001.China gold depos-its and their metallogenetic regularity[M].Beijing:Geological Pub-lishing House:102-258(in Chinese)
Cui Yin-liang,Chen Xian-sheng,Yan Jian-guo.2001.Geologicalcharacteristics and metallogenic condition of lateritic clay type golddeposits in Beiya[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,21(4):654-658(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cui Yin-liang,Yan Jian-guo,Chen Xian-sheng.2003.The prospec-ting mark and mode of Beiya Gold Deposit in Western Yunnan[J].Gold,24(7):7-10(in Chinese with English abstract)
Deng Wan-ming,Huang Xuan,Zhong Da-lai.1998.Petrographic char-acteristics and genesis of Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyry in WestYunnan,China[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,33(4):412-425(inChinese with English abstract)
Fu Wei-min.1994.Study on k-feldspar of baiya alkali-rich prophyryin Dali district of Yunnan Province[J].Journal of Kunming Univer-sity of Science and Technology(Science and Technology,19(1):1-7(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ge Liang-sheng,Guo Xiao-dong,Zou Yi-ling,Li Zheng-hua,ZhangXiao-hua.2002a.Geological characteristics and genesis of Beiyagold deposit,Yunnan Province[J].Contribution to Geology and Min-eral Resource Research,17(1):32-40(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Ge Liang-sheng,Zou Yi-ling,Li Zheng-hua,Guo Xiao-dong,XingJun-bing,Zhang Xiao-hua.2002b.Geological features and genesisof Machangqin Cu-Mo-Au deposit related to the rich-alkalimagmatic rock,Yunnan Province[J].Geology and Prospecting,38(5):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-yun.2003.The geological characteristics of Wandongshan golddeposit in the Beiya area and its ore prospecting orientation[J].Gold,24(9):10-12(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-yun.2004.Geologic features and ore prospecting significancesof lamprophyre in Beiya gold district[J].Gold,25(4):17-19(inChinese with English abstract)
Ma De-yun,Han Run-sheng.2001.Study on the features of tectono-geochemistry of Beiya gold deposit and enclosing metallogic targets[J].Geology and Prospecting,37(2):64-68
Ren Zhi-ji,Luo Rong-sheng,Li Lian-jv,Zhao Chong-shun,Li Zhi-qun.2001.Geology and ore control of the Beiya lateritic gold inYunnan[J].Geol.in China,28(8):17-22(in Chinese with Eng-lish abstract)
Xu Xin-wang,Xai xin-ping,Song Bao-chang.2006.Peteologic,chronological and geochemistry characteristics and formation mecha-nism of alkaline porphyries in the Beiya gold district,wester Yunnan[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(3):631-642(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Xu Xin-wang,Xai xin-ping,Zhang Bao-lin.2006.Genetic types ofBeiya gold deposit,in wester Yunnan[J].Mineral Deposits,25(supp.):201-204(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yan Jian-guo,Cui Ying-liang,Cheng Xian-sheng.2003.Metallogen-tic prognosis and target optimum at Beiya gold deposit in Yunnanprovince,China[J].Geology and Prospecting,39(1):10-13(inChinese with English abstract)
Zeng Pu-sheng,Yang Wei-guang,Yu Xue-hui.1999.Alkli porphyry.zone and the relationship between the porphyry and gold metalliza-tion in the western Yunnan[J].Acta Scientica Sinica,20(supp.):367-372(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zeng Pu-sheng,Mo Xuan-xue,Yu Xue-hui.Nd,Sr and Pb isotopiccharacteristies of the alkaline-rich porphyries in the western Yun-nan and its compression strike-slip setting[J].Acta Petrological etMineralogica,21(3):231-241(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Yu-quan,Xie Ying-wen.1997.Geochronology of Ailaoshan-Jinshajing alkali-rich intrusive rock and their Sr and Nd isotopiccharacteristics[J].Science in China(Ser.D),27(4):289-293(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Xin,Yu Xue-hui,Mo Xuan-xue.2004.Petrological and geochem-ical characteristics of cenozoic alkali-rich porphyries and xenolithshosted in western Yunan province[J].Geoscience,18(2):217-228(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Ji-rong,Liu Yu-chun,He Xiao-nan.2004.A preliminary de-termination of the ore controlling system of rich alkalinity porphyryslipping nappe structure in Beiya gold ore field[J].Yunnan Geol.,23(1):67-72(in Chinese with English abstract)
蔡新平,赵大升,刘秉光.1991.滇西北衙金矿矿床特征、成因及靶区预测[R].中国科学院地质研究所科技报告:1-51
蔡新平.1993.滇西北衙金矿矿床特征、成因及找矿远景预测[M].北京:科学出版社:134-151
陈毓川,李兆鼎,母瑞身.2001.中国金矿床及其成矿规律[M].北京:地质出版社:102-258
崔银亮,陈贤胜,晏建国.2001.北衙红色粘土型金矿地质特征和成矿条件[J].矿物学报,21(4):654-658
崔银亮,晏建国,陈贤胜.2003.滇西北衙金矿床找矿标志和找矿模式研究[J].黄金,24(7):7-10
邓万明,黄萱,钟大赉.1998.滇西新生代富碱斑岩的岩石特征与成因[J].地质科学,33(4):412-425
甫为民.1994.大理北衙富碱斑岩侵入体的钾长石研究[J].昆明工学院学报,19(1):1-7
葛良胜,郭晓东,邹依林,李振华,张晓辉.2002a.云南北衙金矿床地质特征及成因研究[J].地质找矿论丛,17(1):32-40
葛良胜,邹依林,李振华,郭晓东,邢俊兵,张晓辉.2002b.云南马厂箐(铜、钼)金矿床地质特征及成因研究[J].地质与勘探,38(5):11-17
刘建云.2003.北衙万硐山金矿床地质特征及找矿方向[J].黄金,24(9):10-12
刘建云.2004.北衙金矿区煌斑岩地质特征及找矿意义[J].黄金,25(4):17-19
马德云,韩润生.2001.北衙金矿床构造地球化学特征及靶区优选[J].地质与勘探,37(2):64-68
任治机,罗荣生,李连举,赵重顺,李志群.2001.云南北衙红土型金矿地质特征及成矿规律[J].中国地质,28(8):17-22
徐兴旺,蔡新平,宋保昌.2006.滇西北衙金矿区碱性斑岩岩石学、年代学和地球化学特征及其成因机制[J].岩石学报,22(3):631-642
徐兴旺,蔡新平,张宝林.2006.云南省鹤庆县北衙金矿床成因类型[J].矿床地质,25(增刊):201-204.
晏建国,崔银亮,陈贤胜.2003.云南省北衙金矿床成矿预测和靶区优选[J].地质与勘探,39(1):10-13
曾普胜,杨伟光,喻学惠.1999.滇西富碱斑岩带及其与金矿化的关系[J].地球学报,20(增刊):367-372
曾普胜,莫宣学,喻学惠.2002.滇西富碱斑岩带的Nd、Sr、Pb同位素特征及其挤压走滑背景[J].岩石矿物学杂志,21(3):231-241
张玉泉,谢应雯.1997.哀牢山-金沙江富碱侵入岩年代学和Nd,Sr同位素特征[J].中国科学(D)辑,27(4):289-293
赵欣,喻学惠,莫宣学.滇西新生代富碱斑岩及其深源包体的岩石学和地球化学特征[J].现代地质,2004,18(2):217-228
张继荣,刘宇淳,和晓南.2004.北衙金矿富碱斑岩-滑覆构造控矿体系及成矿规律[J].云南地质,23(1):67-72
Cai Xin-ping.1993.Characteristies,genesis and prospecting of Beiyagold deposit,western Yunnan[M].Beijing:Science Press:132-151(in Chinese)
Chen Yu-chuan,Li Zhao-nai,Wu Rui-shen.2001.China gold depos-its and their metallogenetic regularity[M].Beijing:Geological Pub-lishing House:102-258(in Chinese)
Cui Yin-liang,Chen Xian-sheng,Yan Jian-guo.2001.Geologicalcharacteristics and metallogenic condition of lateritic clay type golddeposits in Beiya[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,21(4):654-658(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cui Yin-liang,Yan Jian-guo,Chen Xian-sheng.2003.The prospec-ting mark and mode of Beiya Gold Deposit in Western Yunnan[J].Gold,24(7):7-10(in Chinese with English abstract)
Deng Wan-ming,Huang Xuan,Zhong Da-lai.1998.Petrographic char-acteristics and genesis of Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyry in WestYunnan,China[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,33(4):412-425(inChinese with English abstract)
Fu Wei-min.1994.Study on k-feldspar of baiya alkali-rich prophyryin Dali district of Yunnan Province[J].Journal of Kunming Univer-sity of Science and Technology(Science and Technology,19(1):1-7(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ge Liang-sheng,Guo Xiao-dong,Zou Yi-ling,Li Zheng-hua,ZhangXiao-hua.2002a.Geological characteristics and genesis of Beiyagold deposit,Yunnan Province[J].Contribution to Geology and Min-eral Resource Research,17(1):32-40(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Ge Liang-sheng,Zou Yi-ling,Li Zheng-hua,Guo Xiao-dong,XingJun-bing,Zhang Xiao-hua.2002b.Geological features and genesisof Machangqin Cu-Mo-Au deposit related to the rich-alkalimagmatic rock,Yunnan Province[J].Geology and Prospecting,38(5):11-17(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-yun.2003.The geological characteristics of Wandongshan golddeposit in the Beiya area and its ore prospecting orientation[J].Gold,24(9):10-12(in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu Jian-yun.2004.Geologic features and ore prospecting significancesof lamprophyre in Beiya gold district[J].Gold,25(4):17-19(inChinese with English abstract)
Ma De-yun,Han Run-sheng.2001.Study on the features of tectono-geochemistry of Beiya gold deposit and enclosing metallogic targets[J].Geology and Prospecting,37(2):64-68
Ren Zhi-ji,Luo Rong-sheng,Li Lian-jv,Zhao Chong-shun,Li Zhi-qun.2001.Geology and ore control of the Beiya lateritic gold inYunnan[J].Geol.in China,28(8):17-22(in Chinese with Eng-lish abstract)
Xu Xin-wang,Xai xin-ping,Song Bao-chang.2006.Peteologic,chronological and geochemistry characteristics and formation mecha-nism of alkaline porphyries in the Beiya gold district,wester Yunnan[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(3):631-642(in Chinese withEnglish abstract)
Xu Xin-wang,Xai xin-ping,Zhang Bao-lin.2006.Genetic types ofBeiya gold deposit,in wester Yunnan[J].Mineral Deposits,25(supp.):201-204(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yan Jian-guo,Cui Ying-liang,Cheng Xian-sheng.2003.Metallogen-tic prognosis and target optimum at Beiya gold deposit in Yunnanprovince,China[J].Geology and Prospecting,39(1):10-13(inChinese with English abstract)
Zeng Pu-sheng,Yang Wei-guang,Yu Xue-hui.1999.Alkli porphyry.zone and the relationship between the porphyry and gold metalliza-tion in the western Yunnan[J].Acta Scientica Sinica,20(supp.):367-372(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zeng Pu-sheng,Mo Xuan-xue,Yu Xue-hui.Nd,Sr and Pb isotopiccharacteristies of the alkaline-rich porphyries in the western Yun-nan and its compression strike-slip setting[J].Acta Petrological etMineralogica,21(3):231-241(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Yu-quan,Xie Ying-wen.1997.Geochronology of Ailaoshan-Jinshajing alkali-rich intrusive rock and their Sr and Nd isotopiccharacteristics[J].Science in China(Ser.D),27(4):289-293(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Xin,Yu Xue-hui,Mo Xuan-xue.2004.Petrological and geochem-ical characteristics of cenozoic alkali-rich porphyries and xenolithshosted in western Yunan province[J].Geoscience,18(2):217-228(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Ji-rong,Liu Yu-chun,He Xiao-nan.2004.A preliminary de-termination of the ore controlling system of rich alkalinity porphyryslipping nappe structure in Beiya gold ore field[J].Yunnan Geol.,23(1):67-72(in Chinese with English abstract)
蔡新平,赵大升,刘秉光.1991.滇西北衙金矿矿床特征、成因及靶区预测[R].中国科学院地质研究所科技报告:1-51
蔡新平.1993.滇西北衙金矿矿床特征、成因及找矿远景预测[M].北京:科学出版社:134-151
陈毓川,李兆鼎,母瑞身.2001.中国金矿床及其成矿规律[M].北京:地质出版社:102-258
崔银亮,陈贤胜,晏建国.2001.北衙红色粘土型金矿地质特征和成矿条件[J].矿物学报,21(4):654-658
崔银亮,晏建国,陈贤胜.2003.滇西北衙金矿床找矿标志和找矿模式研究[J].黄金,24(7):7-10
邓万明,黄萱,钟大赉.1998.滇西新生代富碱斑岩的岩石特征与成因[J].地质科学,33(4):412-425
甫为民.1994.大理北衙富碱斑岩侵入体的钾长石研究[J].昆明工学院学报,19(1):1-7
葛良胜,郭晓东,邹依林,李振华,张晓辉.2002a.云南北衙金矿床地质特征及成因研究[J].地质找矿论丛,17(1):32-40
葛良胜,邹依林,李振华,郭晓东,邢俊兵,张晓辉.2002b.云南马厂箐(铜、钼)金矿床地质特征及成因研究[J].地质与勘探,38(5):11-17
刘建云.2003.北衙万硐山金矿床地质特征及找矿方向[J].黄金,24(9):10-12
刘建云.2004.北衙金矿区煌斑岩地质特征及找矿意义[J].黄金,25(4):17-19
马德云,韩润生.2001.北衙金矿床构造地球化学特征及靶区优选[J].地质与勘探,37(2):64-68
任治机,罗荣生,李连举,赵重顺,李志群.2001.云南北衙红土型金矿地质特征及成矿规律[J].中国地质,28(8):17-22
徐兴旺,蔡新平,宋保昌.2006.滇西北衙金矿区碱性斑岩岩石学、年代学和地球化学特征及其成因机制[J].岩石学报,22(3):631-642
徐兴旺,蔡新平,张宝林.2006.云南省鹤庆县北衙金矿床成因类型[J].矿床地质,25(增刊):201-204.
晏建国,崔银亮,陈贤胜.2003.云南省北衙金矿床成矿预测和靶区优选[J].地质与勘探,39(1):10-13
曾普胜,杨伟光,喻学惠.1999.滇西富碱斑岩带及其与金矿化的关系[J].地球学报,20(增刊):367-372
曾普胜,莫宣学,喻学惠.2002.滇西富碱斑岩带的Nd、Sr、Pb同位素特征及其挤压走滑背景[J].岩石矿物学杂志,21(3):231-241
张玉泉,谢应雯.1997.哀牢山-金沙江富碱侵入岩年代学和Nd,Sr同位素特征[J].中国科学(D)辑,27(4):289-293
赵欣,喻学惠,莫宣学.滇西新生代富碱斑岩及其深源包体的岩石学和地球化学特征[J].现代地质,2004,18(2):217-228
张继荣,刘宇淳,和晓南.2004.北衙金矿富碱斑岩-滑覆构造控矿体系及成矿规律[J].云南地质,23(1):67-72
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