This study carried out a detailed field geological disasters survey on the basis of investigating the Lingtai County geological environment comprehensively. It had identified the distribution, causes and development law of the four major geological disasters which are landslides, avalanches, mud rock flow, unstable slopes in the county, and took the specific analysis for the causes and status of typical geological disasters. The research showed that the geological disasters in the county were serious, harmful, broader distribution, and they restricted the development of social and economic severely, even threatened the safety of people’s lives and property. The study and investigation of geological disasters in Lingtai offered the reliable basis of effective geological disasters prevention for the government and relevant departments.