Through the color index analysis of the Upper Cretaceous stratum, and with the evidence of evolution of paleoclimate, ostracods, paleomorphology and provenance analysis to be compared, the characteristics of color in time and space variations were summed up in this paper. The results show that color index of stratum is mainly decided by the solution concentration and hydrodynamic so as to reflect the environmental changes in time and space, which can be used as an important indicator in the regional study of paleoclimate, basin evolution and paleomorphology reconstruction.