Crisscrossing gullies, frequent geological hazards and vulnerable ecological environment problems occur in the Loess Plateau of China. In this paper, the authors took the Zichang County in Yan’an City of the northern Loess Plateau of Shaanxi Province as an example, based on 1∶50 000 investigation of geological hazards, as well as high-precision remote sensing image data SPOT5 and DEM data, the authors analyzed the evolution of valley and characteristics of geological hazards and distribution. The result shows that the river valley and the evolutional stage of landforms play a controlling role in geological disasters.