The Ordos Basin went through six main stages of geological evolution, developed three sets of source rocks, two unconformities, several sets of reservoirs and caprocks, and had three typical petroleum systems. Three well profiles of oil and gas reservoirs in the basin are analyzed, which are the Wuzhong-Mizhi profile, Guyuan-Yichuan profile, and Baotou-Chengcheng profile. The size and distribution of the oil and gas reservoirs are controlled by the spatial distribution of soure rocks. The future risk exploration targets are: 1) for Mesozoic oil exploration, it will extend northward and explore unconventional reservoirs in source rocks; 2) for Upper Paleozoic gas exploration, it will extend southward and explore marine clastic gas reservoirs; and 3) for Lower Paleozoic gas exploration, it will search for lithologic-structural traps of carbonate weathering crust in the north-central and southeastern Yishan slope and those of carbonate reef flat.