In this paper, polarizing microscope analysis, electron probe micro analysis (EPMA) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied to study the characteristics of trace elements of sphalerite in the Dingjiashan deposit of Youxi, Fujian province. By the comparison of sphalerite crystal chemical formula, it is found that there are two generations of sphalerite and their mineralization temperatures are different. This deposit is identified as an endogenetic deposit according to the data of trace elements ratio analysis. The unit cell parameters of sphalerite and trace element contents are closely related by isomorphic ion replacement.