Hydro-physicochemical properties and element concentrations of rivers constitute key indicators related to water functions. This paper presents pH values, electric conductivities and soluble concentrations of major and trace elements in river water sampled at the lower position or estuaries of 33 rivers. It is demonstrated that pH values, electric conductivities and soluble concentrations of major and trace elements in most rivers of North China are much higher than those in rivers of South China. Such a phenomenon may be attributed to 1)special geological and geochemical background of drainage areas; and 2) anthropogenic activity and pollution. It is inferred that the lower concentrations of soluble Na, Ca, K, Zn, and Se in flood season are caused by dilution under higher precipitation.